Climate change and biodiversity loss have been reported as major disturbances in the biosphere which can trigger changes in the structure and functioning of natural ecosystems. Nonetheless, empirical studies demonstrating how both factors interact to affect shifts in aquatic ecosystems are still unexplored. Here, we experimentally test how changes in rainfall distribution and litter diversity a...

During the training of submarine crews in submarine escape procedures, such as "free or buoyant ascent, "instructors at the escape training tank frequently hold their breath under water and perform "skin" dives to depths as great as 90 feet. The ascent is carried out by climbing up a'line. These diving maneuvers are similar to those practiced by sponge and pearl divers. The escape training tank...

Elevated tanks are important structures in storing vital products, such as petroleum products for cities and industrial facilities, as well as water storage. These structures have various types and are constructed in a way that a greater portion of their weight is concentrated at an elevation much about the base. Damage to these structures during strong ground motions may lead to fire or other ...

Elevated tanks are very important structures and consist of various types. Water supply is vital to control fires during earthquakes. Also they are utilized to store different products, like petroleum supplies in cities and industrial zones. Damage to these structures during strong ground motions may lead to fire or other hazardous events. Elevated tanks should stay functional after and before ...

Two forms of water service delivery in peri-urban settlements in the eThekwini municipal region are communal stand-pipes and household ground-tanks. Water from these sources requires storage prior to use. Previous studies have shown that water quality tends to deteriorate during storage. This study was conducted during the winter season and tested water from standpipe and ground-tank households...

In this study, boundary element method was used to model sea wave propagation on a hemisphere shape under water tank and oil-water common surface oscillation in the tank. Also, kinematic and dynamic oundary conditions of free surface and common surface of oil and water were discritized by Finite difference method. There were some singularities in BEM method, which were removed by applying zonin...

The electric field in water required to stun trout is investigated experimentally. The results show how the electric field depends on water conductivity. The electric fields in water required to generate permanent insensibility in trout following exposure durations of 15, 30 and 60 s are identified. A mathematical model of the electric field in the stunning tank is constructed and shown to prod...

Antibiotic-resistant fecal bacteria were used to monitor the degree of movement and subsequent ground water contamination by septictank effluent discharged into a drainfield under saturated conditions. Two pits of different depths were constructed to simulate drainfield beds, and ground water samples were removed uring 32-day sampling intervals from sampling wells installed at set distances fro...

Liquefied natural gas (LNG) release, spread, evaporation, and dispersion processes are illustrated using the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission models in this paper. The spillage consequences are dependent upon the tank conditions, release scenarios, and the environmental conditions. The effects of the contributing variables, including the tank configuration, breach hole size, ullage pressure...