A subalgebra $B$ of a Lie algebra $L$ is called weak c-ideal if there subideal $C$ such that $L=B+C$ and $B\cap C\leq B_{L} $ where $B_{L}$ the largest ideal contained in $B.$ This analogous to concept weakly c-normal subgroups, which has been studied by number authors. We obtain some properties c-ideals use them give characterisations solvable supersolvable algebras. also note one-dimensional ...

The study of semigroup algebras has a long tradition in commutative algebra. Presentation ideals of semigroup algebras are called toric ideals, in reference to their prominent role in geometry. In this paper we consider the more general class of lattice ideals. Fix a polynomial ring S = k[x1, . . . , xn] over a field k and identify monomials x in S with vectors a ∈ N. Let L be any sublattice of...

Let HilbpK be the Hilbert scheme parametrizing the closed subschemes of Pn K with Hilbert polynomial p ∈ Q[t] over a field K of characteristic zero. By bounding below the cohomological Hilbert functions of the points of HilbpK we define locally closed subspaces of the Hilbert scheme. The aim of this thesis is to show that some of these subspaces are connected. For this we exploit the binomial i...

let $r=k[x_1,x_2,cdots, x_n]$ be a polynomial ring over a field $k$. we prove that for any positive integers $m, n$, $text{reg}(i^mj^nk)leq mtext{reg}(i)+ntext{reg}(j)+text{reg}(k)$ if $i, j, ksubseteq r$ are three monomial complete intersections ($i$, $j$, $k$ are not necessarily proper ideals of the polynomial ring $r$), and $i, j$ are of the form $(x_{i_1}^{a_1}, x_{i_2}^{a_2}, cdots, x_{i_l...

A fuzzy ideal on a set X is a non empty collection of subsets of X with heredity property which is also closed under arbitrary union and finite intersections. In this paper, we introduce a weak form of fuzzy ideals namely fuzzy pre-ideals and a way to obtain new fuzzy topologies is presented in this paper. Furthermore some interesting results for fuzzy ideals are generalized to fuzzy pre-ideal.

Recall that a (hyper)graph is d-degenerate if every of its nonempty subgraphs has a vertex of degree at most d. Every d-degenerate (hyper)graph is (easily) (d + 1)colorable. A (hyper)graph is almost d-degenerate if it is not d-degenerate, but every its proper subgraph is d-degenerate. In particular, if G is almost (k − 1)-degenerate, then after deleting any edge it is k-colorable. For k ≥ 2, we...

RESULTS ON N-ABSORBING IDEALS OF COMMUTATIVE RINGS by Alison Elaine Becker The University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, 2015 Under the Supervision of Dr. Allen Bell Let R be a commutative ring with 1 6= 0. In his paper On 2-absorbing ideals of commutative rings, Ayman Badawi introduces a generalization of prime ideals called 2-absorbing ideals, and this idea is further generalized in a paper by Ander...

Assume that n and k are positive integers with n ≥ 2k + 1. A non-hamiltonian graph G is hypo hamiltonian if G − v is hamiltonian for any v ∈ V (G). It is proved that the generalized Petersen graph P (n, k) is hypo hamiltonian if and only if k = 2 and n ≡ 5 (mod 6). Similarly, a hamiltonian graph G is hyper hamiltonian if G−v is hamiltonian for any v ∈ V (G). In this paper, we will give some nec...