Why is randomness useful? Imagine you have a stack of bank notes, with very few counterfeit ones. You want to choose a genuine bank note to pay at a store. However, suppose that you don’t know how to distinguish between a “good” bank note and a “bad” one. What can you do? Well, if you pick a bank note at random, you will be lucky with high probability (here the probability of picking a good ban...

Abstract Background The plant Culcasia angolensis (Araceae) has diverse ethnomedicinal uses, including the management of rheumatic pain, healing cuts, dislocations, and bruises. Despite its potential therapeutic toxicity profile not been evaluated. This study assessed sub-acute effects leaves extract (CAE). phytochemical determination CAE was conducted as per standard protocols. median lethal d...

Bulk energy storage is generally considered an important contributor for the transition toward a more flexible and sustainable electricity system. Although economically valuable, storage is not fundamentally a "green" technology, leading to reductions in emissions. We model the economic and emissions effects of bulk energy storage providing an energy arbitrage service. We calculate the profits ...

Cosalane and dihydrocosalane are potent inhibitors of HIV replication with a broad range of activity. The purpose of this study was to investigate: 1) the pharmacokinetic disposition of both cosalane and dihydrocosalane in male Sprague-Dawley rats, and 2) biliary excretion, enterohepatic circulation, and tissue distribution of cosalane after i.v. and/or oral administration. Animals were adminis...

Pũrṇa Cantirotaya Centũram (PCC), a herbometallic formulation of Siddha medicine, consists of mercury, sulphur, and gold, processed with red cotton flower and plantain stem pith juices. To evaluate its safety, acute and 28-day repeated oral toxicity studies were performed following OECD test guidelines 423 and 407, respectively. In acute study, PCC was administered orally at 5, 50, 300, and 200...

Let G be a finite group and k be a field of characteristic p. We investigate the homotopy category K(Inj kG) of the category C(Inj kG) of complexes of injective (= projective) kG-modules. If G is a p-group, this category is equivalent to the derived category Ddg(C(BG; k)) of the cochains on the classifying space; if G is not a p-group it has better properties than this derived category. The ord...

1Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan, 2Department of Neurosurgery, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung 407, Taiwan, 3Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan, 4Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan, 5Department and In...

Polymerase chain reaction amplification and DNA sequencing of the Toxoplasma gondii dihydropteroate synthase gene (dhps) identified 4 alleles among parasite populations from 32 cases of human toxoplasmosis. Heterologous expression and enzyme assay reveal that 3 of these alleles encode sulfadiazine (Sdz)-sensitive enzymes. The fourth, generating a highly Sdz-resistant enzyme, differs from 1 of t...

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