[1] Abstract: The arid region extending from the Caspian Sea into China contains some of the most extensive dust aerosol production areas in the world. Major element (Al, Fe, Ca, and S), rare earth element (REE), and isotopic (dS and dO) data from a 14.4-m-long firn core recovered on the Inilchek Glacier (Tien Shan Mountains, Kyrgyzstan; 5100-m elevation) are presented and used to investigate t...