Extremely short, high yielding cultivars of all crop plants are needed to optimize the food production of bioregenerative life support systems in space. In the early 1980's, we examined over a thousand wheat genotypes from the world germplasm collection in search of genotypes with appropriate characteristics for food production in space. Here we report the results of 12 years of hybridization a...

Environmental stress, especially drought stress, can play an important role in the reduction of the plant growth stage, specifically duringgermination in arid and semi arid regions in Iran.. In order to study the effects of drought stress on germination indices in wheat cultivars, an experiment was conducted in factorial form, using a completely randomized design of four replications. In this e...

The objective of this study was to determine the Vrn-1 allelic composition of spring wheat germplasm from the Pacific Northwest region of the USA. Individual plants from 56 spring wheat lines were crossed to near-isogenic tester lines carrying the dominant allele VrnA1, Vrn-B1 or Vrn-D1. F2 progeny were evaluated for growth habit in the field and Vrn-1 allelic composition was determined through...

The first confirmed mechanism for aluminum (Al) resistance in plants is encoded by the wheat (Triticum aestivum) gene, TaALMT1, on chromosome 4DL. TaALMT1 controls the Al-activated efflux of malate from roots, and this mechanism is widespread among Al-resistant genotypes of diverse genetic origins. This study describes a second mechanism for Al resistance in wheat that relies on citrate efflux....

Optimizing cellulosic ethanol yield depends strongly on understanding the biological variation of feedstocks. Our objective was to study variation in capacity for producing fermentable sugars from straw of winter wheat cultivars with a high-throughput pretreatment and hydrolysis well-plate technique. This technique enabled us to estimate cultivarrelated and environmental correlations between su...

Current gene introgression-based approaches have made only modest progress toward the goal of developing Canadian wheat cultivars with strong resistance to Fusarium head blight (FHB). Re-examining comparisons of gene induction in resistant and susceptible nearisogenic lines of ‘Sumai 3’, a well-established source of FHB resistance, suggested that resistance was conditioned by effective expressi...

Durum wheat (Triticum turgidum (L.) subsp. turgidum (L.) convar. durum (Desf.)) is momentous for human nutrition, and environmental stresses can strongly limit the expression of yield potential and affect the qualitative characteristics of the grain. The aim of this study was to determine how heat stress (five days at 37 °C) applied five days after flowering affects the nutritional composition,...

The objective of this study was to determine the Vrn-1 allelic composition of spring wheat germplasm from the Pacific Northwest region of the USA. Individual plants from 56 spring wheat lines were crossed to near-isogenic tester lines carrying the dominant allele VrnA1, Vrn-B1 or Vrn-D1. F2 progeny were evaluated for growth habit in the field and Vrn-1 allelic composition was determined through...

A technique to rapidly determine the moisture content of hard red winter wheat, Triticum aestivum L., independent of densityy is presented. The complex impedance of bulk samples at 1 and 10 MHz was used along with a density-independent function to predict moistures ranging from approximately 11 to 22% in samples with bulk densities ranging from 0.65 to 0.85 glcm^. Calibration was performed on w...

In a survey conducted in 1984 in Essex, Lambton, and Middlesex Counties of Ontario, Canada, greater incidences of head blight and greater concentrations of deoxynivalenol in grain were observed in fields of winter wheat planted after corn than in those planted after soybeans, barley, and mixed grains. Neither head blight nor deoxynivalenol level were correlated significantly with soil P, K, or ...