Hybrid femtosecond/picosecond coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (fs/ps CARS) offers accurate thermometry at kHz rates for combustion diagnostics. In high-temperature flames, selection of probe-pulse characteristics is key to simultaneously optimizing signal-to-nonresonant-background ratio, signal strength, and spectral resolution. We demonstrate a simple method for enhancing signal-to-nonre...

The effect of shortening the pulse width of the electrical stimulus when administering electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) has recently been systematically studied with promising results. This review examines reported outcomes from three randomized controlled trials which compared ultrabrief (≤0.3 ms) with brief (0.5-1.5 ms) pulse width ECT, and other recent clinical trials of ultrabrief pulse widt...

As the initial pulse envelope width of an input Gaussian pulse-modulated harmonic wave is increased above the characteristic relaxation time of a single resonance Lorentz model dielectric, the classical asymptotic description of the propagated field becomes increasingly inaccurate at a fixed propagation distance and must then be generalized in order to become uniformly valid with respect to the...

We investigated the role of laser pulse duration and intensity on extreme ultraviolet (EUV) generation and ion emission from a laser produced Sn plasma. For producing plasmas, planar slabs of pure Sn were irradiated with 1064 nm Nd:YAG laser pulses with varying pulse duration (5–20 ns) and intensity. Experimental results performed at CMUXE indicate that the conversion efficiency (CE) of the EUV...