The traditional view of radio pulsar wind nebulae (PWN), encouraged by the Crab nebula’s X-ray and radio morphologies, is that they are a result of the integrated history of their pulsars’ wind. The radio emission should therefore be largely unaffected by recent pulsar activity, and hence minimally correlated with structures in the X-ray nebulae. Observations of several PWN, both stationary and...

ENVISAT fast delivery RA-2 and ASAR wind and wave products are routinely received, monitored and validated at ECMWF. RA-2 wind speed product is of good quality. Although Ku-band significant wave height (SWH) product is slightly high, it is of high quality. The redundant side B of RA-2 produced SWH product of even better quality. The S-band wave height product is generally of good quality. The i...

Floating platform concepts offer the prospect of harvesting offshore wind energy at deep water locations for countries with a limited number of suitable shallow water locations for bottom-mounted offshore wind turbines. The floating spar-buoy concept has shown promising experimental and theoretical results. Although various codes for a detailed simulation exist the purpose of this work is to el...

The technical approach in this project involves three types of models: (1) the two-scale electromagnetic scattering model, which relates the radar backscatter to the surface wave spectrum, (2) the wave action model, which describes the relationship between the surface wave spectrum and the near-surface wind field, and (3) atmospheric dynamical models that describe or constrain the spatial varia...

At the Collm Observatory of the University of Leipzig LF D1 low-frequency total re ̄ection nighttime wind measurements have been carried out continuously for more than two decades. Using a multiple regression analysis to derive prevailing winds, tides and the quasi-2-day wave from the half-hourly mean values of the horizontal wind components, monthly mean values of mesopause wind parameters are ...

The orographic gravity wave drag produced in flow over an axisymmetric mountain when both vertical wind shear and non-hydrostatic effects are important was calculated using a semi-analytical two-layer linear model, including unidirectional or directional constant wind shear in a layer near the surface, above which the wind is constant. The drag behaviour is determined by partial wave reflection...

The extreme high winds, intense rainfall, large ocean waves, and copious sea spray in hurricanes push the surface-exchange parameters for temperature, water vapor, and momentum into untested regimes. The Coupled Boundary Layer Air–Sea Transfer (CBLAST)-Hurricane program is aimed at developing improved coupling parameterizations (using the observations collected during the CBLAST-Hurricane field...

In this paper, we present a numerical model to simulate wind waves and hydrodynamics in the estuary. We employ the unstructured-grid SUNTANS model for hydrodynamics, and within this model we implement a spectral wave model which solves for transport of wave action density with the finite-volume formulation. Hydrodynamics is coupled to the wave field through the radiation stress. Based on the un...

The wind forcing used to drive wave models at CCMS-POL is obtained from the UK Meteorological Office. The winds are generated by their 50km reso' lution meteorological model, with temporal resolution of one hour. They are then interpolated to a 36km grid of the Northern European Continental Shelf on which the spectral wave model WAM is run. Other modellers elsewhere use a variety of different s...