Recent innovations in phylogenetic comparative methods (PCMs) have spurred a renaissance of research into the causes and consequences of large-scale patterns of biodiversity. In this paper, we review these advances. We also highlight the potential of comparative methods to integrate across fields and focus on three examples where such integration might be particularly valuable: quantitative gen...

We consider two popular, permutation-based, step-down procedures of p-values adjustment in multiple testing problems known as min P and max T and intended for strong control of the family-wise error rate, under the so-called subset pivotality property (SPP). We examine key but subtle issues involved in ascertaining validity of these methods, and also introduce a new, slightly narrower notion of...

Latent heat thermal energy storage systems (LHTES) are useful for solar and many other applications, but there is an issue with phase change materials (PCMs) having low conductivity. This can be enhanced fins, metal foam, pipes, multiple PCMs, nanoparticles (NPs). paper reviews nano-enhanced PCM (NePCM) alone additional enhancements. Low, middle, high temperature classified, the achievements li...

A well known property of anM-matrixA is that the inverse is element-wise non-negative, which we write asA−1 0. In this paper we consider perturbations ofM-matrices and obtain bounds on the perturbations so that the non-negative inverse persists. The bounds are written in terms of decay estimates which characterize the decay (along rows) of the elements of the inverse matrix. We obtain results f...

Sparse approximate inverse (SPAI) preconditioners are effective in accelerating iterative solutions of a large class of unsymmetric linear systems and their inherent parallelism has been widely explored. The effectiveness of SPAI relies on the assumption of the unknown true inverse admitting a sparse approximation. Furthermore, for the usual right SPAI, one must restrict the number of non-zeros...

An orthogonal cocyclic framework of the block-wise inverse Jacket transform (BIJT) is proposed over the finite field. Instead of the conventional block-wise inverse Jacket matrix (BIJM), we investigate the cocyclic block-wise inverse Jacket matrix (CBIJM), where the high-order CBIJM can be factorized into the low-order sparse CBIJMs with a successive block architecture. It has a recursive fashi...

Siffness matrices for axial and bending deformations of a beam having a rectangular cross sectional area of constant width and linearly varying thickness are developed. A consistant load vector for a uniformly distributed lateral load is also calculated, using the principal of potential energy. The matrices are used to obtain numerical results for a variety of beams with non-uniform thickness t...

The convex cone of n × n completely positive (CPP) matrices and its dual cone of copositive matrices arise in several areas of applied mathematics, including optimization. Every CPP matrix is doubly nonnegative (DNN), i.e., positive semidefinite and component-wise nonnegative, and it is known that, for n ≤ 4 only, every DNN matrix is CPP. In this paper, we investigate the difference between 5×5...

Modern concepts for the treatment of myocardial diseases focus on novel cell therapeutic strategies involving stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (SCMs). However, functional integration of SCMs requires similar electrophysiological properties as primary cardiomyocytes (PCMs) and the ability to establish intercellular connections with host myocytes in order to contribute to the electrical and mecha...

Damage of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) is the major consequence of glaucoma and regeneration of RGCs is extremely difficult once the damage has occurred. Retinal stem cells (RSCs) are considered an ideal choice for RGC regeneration. Pigmented cells from the ciliary margin (PCMs) have great retinal differentiation potential and may be an ideal RSC candidate. However, the ciliary margin is too s...