world kidney day (wkd) is a joint initiative of the international society of nephrology (isn) and the international federation of kidney foundations (ifkf). seven years on from the first campaign, world kidney day (wkd) has turned into a global phenomenon. on march 13, 2014, medical professionals, government officials, the general public, celebrities and patients took action locally. in 2014, t...

AIDS is the final stage of the disease caused by HIV. It attacks the defense cells of the body, leaving the body vulnerable to all kinds of diseases. Therapeutic agents are divided according to their mechanism of action, nucleoside or nucleotide transcriptase inhibitor, non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors, protease inhibitors, fusion inhibitor, entry inhibitor and integrase inhibito...

Editorial W orld AIDS Day, the annual December 1 commemoration, first took place in 1988 under the auspices of the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS [1]. At that time few had recognized the epidemic's impending global scope or envisaged how to provide AIDS treatment in developing countries. During the previous year, the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) had licensed zido...

visual sciences have been progressing quickly in recent decades through globalization phenomenon. an enormous change has taken place in ocular health issues, however, there are various problems facing ophthalmic public health worldwide. in the previous years, the world health organization and the international agency for the prevention of blindness in partnership launched the global initiative ...

Emerging and re-emerging diseases are having a profound worldwide impact on society and on the delivery of medical and oral health care. The acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) pandemic, caused by infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) dramatically illustrates the awesome transmission capabilities of disease. Spread by blood borne and sexual contact HIV has infected over 36.1 m...

the 21st century is an era of great challenge for humankind; we are combating terrorism, climate change, poverty, human rights issues and last but not least non-communicable diseases (ncds). the burden of the latter has become so large that it is being recognized by world leaders globally as an area that it is in need of much greater attention. in light of this concern, the world health organiz...