To indicate emphasis, auxiliary do is used in affirmative contexts (do+) when no other present. It thus rooted the grammatical system of do-support; however, do+ does not always bear stress and can fulfil various discourse-marking functions (Nevalainen & Rissanen, 1986). Positioned at intersection grammar discourse, constitutes an interesting study for its use ‘non-native’ varieties English sin...

Drawing on the literature on the emergence of different varieties of English in the globalized world, current debates surrounding English as an international language (EIL), and more orientation towards intelligibility and mutual understanding in international communication, this article reports the findings of a quantitative and qualitative research study with 112 native American and British, ...