BACKGROUND Perioperative preservation of renal function has a significant impact on morbidity and mortality in kidney surgery. Nephroprotective effects of the anesthetic xenon on ischemia-reperfusion injury were found in several experimental studies. OBJECTIVE We aimed to explore whether xenon anesthesia can reduce renal damage in humans undergoing partial nephrectomy and to gather pilot data...

The rate of rise of alveolar xenon concentration toward a fixed inspired level was measured in four adult male volunteers. At 1 minute the ratio of end-tidal to inspired xenon concentration was 0.76, at 2 minutes it was 0.38, at 5 minutes it was 0.96, and at 20 minutes it was 0.97. These results agree with those predicted from xenon solubility in blood and tissues, and were closely simulated wi...

Atmospheric radioxenon analyses conducted under the Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty Organization (CTBTO) necessitates collection of air samples to quantify 135Xe, an indicator for nuclear explosions and reactor operations. Analytical instrument calibration these requires high quality, monoisotopic reference standards that are typically short lived, therefore must be produced shipped promptly moni...

BACKGROUND Previously, we showed a significant difference in the measurements of hypnotic depth by the bispectral index (BIS) and auditory-evoked potentials (AEPs) using the A-line autoregressive index during xenon anaesthesia. In the present study, we evaluate the alternative AEP-based auditory-evoked potential index (aepEX) for the measurement of hypnotic depth in patients undergoing general ...

Xenon and iodine enhanced dynamic computerized tomography (CT) have been used experimentally to obtain both qualitative and quantitative information on local cerebral blood flow in both normal and infarcted tissue. Direct comparisons between Xenon enhancement, iodine enhancement and pathological findings demonstrate significant differences between results derived from each of the 2 in vivo tech...

BACKGROUND Xenon seems to be an ideal anesthetic drug. To explore if next to the antagonism at the NMDA-receptor other molecular targets are involved, we tested the xenon requirement in short sleeping Drosophila shaker mutants and in na[har(38)]. METHODS The Drosophila melanogaster strains wildtype Canton-S, na[har(38)], sh(102) and sh(mns), were raised and sleep was measured. Based on the re...

Xenon (MAC = 71%) has an extremely low blood:gas partition coefficient (0.14). Therefore, we predicted that the rate of emergence from xenon anaesthesia would not be affected greatly by duration of anaesthesia. We studied 54 ASA I-II patients undergoing lower abdominal surgery who received equal MAC anaesthesia with 60% xenon, 60% nitrous oxide with 0.5% isoflurane or 60% nitrous oxide with 0.7...

ablation, autonomic nervous system depression, amnesia, and rapid emergence with minimal to no untoward effects. In the past, both the patient and the anesthetist were at risk because of the explosive properties associated with inhaled anesthetics, most notably with cyclopropane and diethyl ether. Patients continue to experience prolonged nausea and/or vomiting from the modern anesthesia arsena...

Recent studies have suggested that under certain conditions, inhalation of stable xenon can cause an increase in CBF or intracranial pressure (ICP). We reviewed the ICP changes that occurred during 48 stable xenon/CT CBF studies in 23 comatose head-injured patients to determine if the concentration (32%) and duration of inhalation (4.5 min) of stable xenon we used caused an increase in ICP. In ...

BACKGROUND Following kidney transplantation, ischemia-reperfusion injury contributes to adverse outcomes. The purpose of this study was to determine whether a cold-storage solution saturated with noble gas (xenon or argon) could limit ischemia-reperfusion injury following cold ischemia. METHODS Sixty Wistar rats were randomly allocated to 4 experimental groups. Kidneys were harvested and then...