Correcting the deficiency Children with any of the features of xerophthalmia should be assumed to be markedly vitamin A deficient, with low stores of retinol in their livers. They need multiple doses of vitamin A to restore their serum levels and to boost their liver stores. The recommended treatment for a child with any of the eye signs of VAD is shown in Table 1. Explain to the child’s mother...

Reported are estimates of the prevalence in developing countries of physiologically significant vitamin A deficiency and the number of attributable deaths. The WHO classification of countries by the severity and extent of xerophthalmia was used to categorize developing countries by likely risk of subclinical vitamin A deficiency. Using vital statistics compiled by UNICEF, we derived population ...

BACKGROUND Vitamin A deficiency is a major public health nutrition problem, affecting an estimated 190 million preschool-aged children and 19 million pregnant and lactating women globally, and 83 million adolescents in Southeast Asia alone. Its consequences (disorders) include xerophthalmia (the leading cause of early childhood blindness), increased severity of infection, anemia, and death. Bec...

Globally, it is estimated that there are 38 million persons who are blind. Moreover, a further 110 million people have low vision and are at great risk of becoming blind. The main causes of blindness and low vision are cataract, trachoma, glaucoma, onchocerciasis, and xerophthalmia; however, insufficient data on blindness from causes such as diabetic retinopathy and age-related macular degenera...

Vitamin A memiliki segudang khasiat untuk mendefisiensikan angka kematian dan kesakitan, serta bermanfaat bagi pertumbuhan manusia, juga mengambil peran terhadap sistem imunitas tubuh, memproteksi tubuh dari terjangkitnya berbagai infeksi seperti campak, diare, ISPA. Kekurangan vitamin dapat meningkatkan risiko macam penyakit xerofthalmia, kerusakan mata yang berujung kebutaan, kematian. Berdas...

Sjögren’s Syndrome (SS) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by exocrinopathy, with xerophthalmia and xerostomia. Patients SS may exhibit extra-glandular features such as neurologic symptoms. Peripheral neuropathy the most common neurological complication of primary (pSS). We report case 71-year-old female pSS admitted to Internal Medicine ward due sensorimotor symptoms petechiae. From...

Sjögren’s syndrome is a systemic autoimmune disease characterized by chronic inflammation of the exocrine glands with an associated functional deficit. The clinical picture symptoms such as dry eyes (xerophthalmia) and mouth (xerostomia). defined primary if no other diseases are associated, otherwise, it secondary. A systematic review was made using databases PubMed (MEDLINE), Scopus, keywords ...

The survey was conducted in 3 out of the 18 administrative regions (aimaks); 4345 people aged > or = 40 years were examined, which represented 95.7% of the proposed sample. The prevalences of blindness and low vision in the sample were 1.5% (95% CI, 0.8-2.3%) and 8.1% (95% CI, 5.5-10.7%), respectively, from which the prevalences of blindness and low vision in the Mongolian population aged 40 ye...

The efficacy and toxicity of cyclosporin A (CyA) were studied in a blind fashion in 20 patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS). The dose of CyA or placebo was 5 mg/kg of body weight daily. Among the 20 patients, 10 received CyA and 10 placebo. The two groups were matched for age, sex, and disease duration. Patients treated with CyA improved in subjective xerostomia in comparison with pat...