The fundamental equations are linearized by the method of small perturbations for the conditions of hydrostatic equilibrium and geostrophic balance of meridional forces. I n a first case, Fickian momentum diffusion is used; in a second case, a shearand latitude-dependent eddy viscosity is used. A wave solution for the zonal wind oscillation, having in meridional profile the shape of a probabili...

The present work is part of a research effort aimed at integrating a detailed model of airflow in large spaces with an algebraic multizone infiltration model to describe pollutant transport and coupled air flows within and between complex buildings and large spaces. In the past 15 years, zonal models were developed with the goal to obtain an approximate prediction of airflow characteristics in ...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effect driver-side and passenger-side airbags have had on the incidence and severity of maxillofacial trauma in victims of automobile accidents. DESIGN Retrospective analysis of all automobile (passenger cars and light trucks) accidents reported in 1994. SETTING New York State. PATIENTS Of the 595910 individuals involved in motor vehicle accidents in New York in ...

A 22-year-old man died following a side impact blow in an automobile accident. Necropsy showed a large tear in the posterior wall of the aorta approximately 12 mm distal to the insertion of ligamentum arteriosum (Figures 1 and 2). Subadventitial hemorrhage was prominent in the descending thoracic aorta. Th e left pleural space contained large quantities of blood. Traumatic aortic rupture is the...

Radiation belts of MeV protons have been observed just outward of Saturn's main rings. During the final stages of the mission, the Cassini spacecraft will pass through the gap between the main rings and the planet. Based on how the known radiation belts of Saturn are formed, it is expected that MeV protons will be present in this gap and also bounce through the tenuous D ring right outside the ...

To transmit the revolutions of crankshafts to camshafts and auxiliary mechanisms, ordinary automotive engines are equipped with engine components such as timing belts, timing chains and accessory drive belts. Recently, as automotive engine performance is being greatly enhanced, the requirements for their components have become increasingly demanding. In this context, autotensioners play an impo...

Abstract Here we investigate the influence of lithology and thermal state upper crust on earthquake distributions beneath Wakayama region, southern Honshu, Japan, to better understand crustal conditions regional seismogenesis. The earthquakes are concentrated in deeper sections mafic belts shallower pelitic belts, based a comparison relocated hypocenters estimated subsurface geological structur...

The nonlinear shallow-water equations are used to study the tropical stationary wave response to steady thermal forcing near the equator in earthlike zonally symmetric basic states. A thin (200 m) fluid layer is superimposed over a large (1500 m) zonally symmetric topography distribution that decreases smoothly from the Tropics to the Poles, thus providing the large meridional height gradients ...

The response of the zonal-mean zonal winds in the tropical upper troposphere to thermal forcing in the Tropics is studied using an idealized general circulation model with 18 vertical levels and simplified atmospheric physics. The model produces a conventional general circulation, with deep easterly flow over the equator, when integrated using zonally invariant and hemispherically symmetric bou...

The surface uplift of mountain belts is generally assumed to reflect progressive shortening and crustal thickening, leading to their gradual rise. Recent studies of the Andes indicate that their elevation remained relatively stable for long periods (tens of millions of years), separated by rapid (1 to 4 million years) changes of 1.5 kilometers or more. Periodic punctuated surface uplift of moun...