[1] A seasonal analysis assesing variations in the oxygen isotopic composition of dissolved inorganic phosphate (DIP) was conducted in the San Francisco Bay estuarine system, California. Isotopic fractionation of oxygen in DIP (exchange of oxygen between phosphate and environmental water) at surface water temperatures occurs only as a result of enzyme-mediated, biological reactions. Accordingly...

One motivation for our study concerns an environmental application that regards the identification of pollution sources in surface water: in a river, for example, the introduction of organic matter which could have as origin city sewages, industrial wastes,... usually drops to too low the level of the dissolved oxygen in the water. Since the lack of dissolved oxygen represents a serious threat ...

Water quality indices (WQIs), which translate numerical values of several water quality characteristics of a sample into a single value, play a very important role in the monitoring, comparison and control of water quality. The WQIs of modern and post-modern times have been almost exclusively based on physical and chemical characteristics, and have seldom included 'biological' characteristics o...

The aim of this study was to assess the environmental impact of socio-cultural practices on the water quality of River Ganga at the foothills of the Garhwal Himalayas in Uttarakhand State, India. The physico-chemical parameters that contributed to the temporal variation and pollution in the river were identified in this study. Principal component analysis (PCA) and Cluster analysis (CA) were us...

Variations in the flow and pollutants concentrations during the day were monitored at the Main Outfall disposal station of the city of Lahore. The laboratory analysis of the wastewater samples collected at 2 hour interval on 5 th and 6 th May, 2009 for pH, temperature, alkalinity, hardness, Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD5), BOD5Filtered, Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen (TKN), Ammonia Nitrogen (NH3-N), ...

Due to the acceleration of industrialization and urbanization in recent decades, the majority of coastal rivers and estuaries in China have been moderately or severely contaminated by a variety of pollutants. We investigated the spatial and seasonal variations of water nutrients (permanganate index, chemical oxygen demand, biochemical oxygen demand, ammonium, nitrate, total nitrogen, and total ...

a bioreactor equipped with hollow fiber microfiltration membranes was applied for wastewater treatment. removal of chemical oxygen demand (cod) and biochemical oxygen demand (bod5) was investigated. the experimental setup consisted of influent and effluent tanks, and membrane modules using polyvinyl di–fluoride (pvdf) hollow fibers. the operation program included suction and backwash steps whic...

Biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) is a widely used parameter to assess the organic pollution in water systems. This parameter can be detected by the amount of oxygen consumed via microorganisms in aerobic metabolism of organic matter present in the water. The authorized test to analyze biodegradable organic compounds is given by the American Public Health Association Standard Method Committee tha...