Pulmonary alveolar macrophages (PAM) and peripheral blood monocytes (PBMO) of the miniature swine can be converted to cytolytically active effector cells by treating with phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) as determined by enhancement of cytotoxicity to various target cells. Kinetics of the PMA-activated PAM and PBMO in cytotoxicity show that the effective PMA concentration ranges from 10 to 1,000...

We examined the effect of the antioxidant lazaroid U-74389F on acute lung injury induced in rabbits by phorbol myristate acetate (PMA). Thirty minutes after receiving either U-74389F (15 mg.kg-1 i.v.) or U-74389F vehicle, rabbits (n = 60) were given PMA (60 micrograms.kg-1 i.v.). PMA vehicle injected rabbits (n = 20) served as controls. Over a 5 h period after PMA or PMA vehicle injection, we m...

The phorbol ester tumor promoter phorbol-12-myristate-13acetate (PMA) induced mouse resident peritoneal macrophage spreading in an in vitro system in a timeand dose-dependent manner; this process was modified by agents which alter intracellular calcium metabolism. After a 35-min incubation with PMA, 50% of the macrophages were spread (as classified by at least a 2-fold increase in cell surface ...

Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) has a prompt and selective catabolic effect on striated myofibrils in postmitotic myotubes. Fluorescein-labeled antibodies against light meromyosin were used to follow the effects of PMA on the muscle-specific myosin in myofibrils. The response of actin filaments was monitored by decoration with heavy meromyosin. The response of the two types of 10-nm filam...

Phorbolol myristate acetate (PHMA) had been previously prepared from the potent mouse skin tumor promoter phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) by sodium borohydride reduction of the C-5 carbonyl group in PMA to a secondary alcohol. PHMA was shown to have an inflammatory effect in mouse skin equal to that of PMA. 2,3-Dihydrophorbol myristate acetate (DPMA), a new compound, was prepared from the 3-ald...

MUC1 is a membrane-tethered mucin expressed on the apical surface of epithelial cells. Our previous report (Guang W, Ding H, Czinn SJ, Kim KC, Blanchard TG, Lillehoj EP. J Biol Chem 285: 20547-20557, 2010) demonstrated that expression of MUC1 in AGS gastric epithelial cells limits Helicobacter pylori infection and reduces bacterial-driven IL-8 production. In this study, we identified the peroxi...

BACKGROUND Conventional acid-fast bacilli (AFB) staining cannot differentiate viable from dead cells. Propidium monoazide (PMA) is a photoreactive DNA-binding dye that inhibits PCR amplification by DNA modification. We evaluated whether PMA real-time PCR is suitable for the early detection of viable Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) in clinical respiratory specimens. METHODS A total of 15 dilu...

The effect of the tumor-promoting agent phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) on insulin receptors and insulin action was studied in rat hepatoma cells in culture. PMA (0.1-1.0 micrograms/ml) did not affect insulin binding either acutely or chronically but inhibited insulin stimulation of glycogen synthase and tyrosine aminotransferase. PMA (1 microgram/ml) stimulated the phosphorylation of the...

Monocarboxylate transporter (MCT1) plays an important role in the absorption of short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) such as butyrate in the human colon. Previous studies from our laboratory have demonstrated that phorbol ester, PMA (1 microM, 24 h), upregulates butyrate transport and MCT1 protein expression in human intestinal Caco-2 cells. However, the molecular mechanisms involved in the transcrip...

Activation of protein kinase C (PKC) regulates the activity of a number of neurotransmitter transporters. When Xenopus oocytes expressing the cloned human dopamine transporter (hDAT) were pretreated with bath-applied phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), a PKC activator, [3H]DA uptake decreased irreversibly in a time- and dose-dependent manner (IC50 = 22 nM; maximal inhibition = 63-85%). The i...