It is not possible to establish a single dosage regimen for theophylline or its derivatives (for example, aminophylline) that will suit all patients because the metabolism of theophylline varies greatly from person to person. This variation is reflected in its elimination half life, which varies from four hours in healthy adult smokers to about 25 hours in patients with hepatic cirrhosis. Sever...

BACKGROUND Theophylline has been used in the treatment of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease for more than 80 years. In addition to bronchodilator and anti-inflammatory activity, clinical studies have suggested that theophylline acts as an antitussive agent. Cough is the most frequent reason for consultation with a family doctor, and treatment options are limited. Determining how ...

chitosan with excellent biodegradable and biocompatible characteristics has received attention as an oral drug delivery vehicle for controlled-release formulations. in this study an enteric-coated capsule containing theophylline-chitosan beads based on 23 factorial designs was prepared as a colon drug delivery system. the theophylline-chitosan gel beads were formulated by adding the drug-contai...

in the previous studies the relaxant, anti-cholinergic (functional antagonism) and anti-histaminic effects of nigella sativa have been demonstrated on guinea pig tracheal chains. to elucidate the main substance responsible for the relaxant effect of this plant, the effect of thymoquinone, one of the main constituent of nigella sativa was examined in this study. the bronchodilatory effects of th...

Fischer et al. [1] report that theophylline improves acute mountain sickness (AMS). This is of high interest, as there may be an adenosine-sensitive mechanism of hypoxic respiratory control and therapy, with a specific adenosine antagonist like theophylline, which may potentially influence respiratory adaptation to hypoxia. However, recent studies in human and animal experiments, which sought t...

Adenosine and theophylline were linked covalently to oxidized stachyose to produce compounds too large to penetrate cell membranes. These compounds were used in two conscious and six open-chest anesthetized dogs to test the hypothesis that there is an adenosine receptor on the surface of the coronary myocyte. Intracoronary infusions of the adenosine derivative produced dose-dependent coronary v...

We developed a method for quantitatively determining theophylline in serum, using a heterogeneous immunoassay called flow-injection immunoanalysis. The reaction involves competition between serum theophylline and theophylline-labeled liposomes. Separation occurs on a solid-phase reactor column containing immobilized antibody to theophylline incorporated in a flow-injection system. Subsequent ly...

BACKGROUND Inhaled glucosteroids and oral theophylline are widely used to treat asthma. We compared the benefits of adding theophylline to inhaled glucosteroid with those of doubling the dose of inhaled glucosteroid in patients with persistent symptoms despite the use of inhaled glucosteroid. METHODS In a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, we randomly assigned 62 patients to receive eith...

OBJECTIVE To compare the efficacy of theophylline, terbutaline, or theophylline combined with terbutaline treatment in critically ill children with status asthmaticus who are already receiving continuous nebulized albuterol and intravenous corticosteroids. DESIGN Randomized, prospective, controlled, double-blind trial. SETTING Pediatric intensive care unit of a tertiary-care children's medi...

STUDY OBJECTIVE Oral theophylline treatment may be helpful in controlling severe asthma during pregnancy. This treatment, however, has been suspected of causing both complications and malformations. The objective of this investigation was to study the influence of theophylline treatment on the course of pregnancy and delivery and on maternal and infant health. SETTING Respiratory unit, antena...