PURPOSE This study describes the incidence and outcomes of blunt cardiac injury (BCI) in a single trauma intensive care unit (TICU), together with the spectrum of thoracic injuries and cardiac abnormalities seen in BCI. METHODS We performed a retrospective observational study of 169 patients with blunt thoracic trauma admitted from January 2010 to April 2013. BCI was diagnosed using an elevat...

This chapter presents results of our project, which studied whether contactless and airborne ultrasonic tactile display (AUTD) stimuli delivered to a user’s palms could serve as a platform for a brain computer interface (BCI) paradigm. We used six palm positions to evoke combined somatosensory brain responses to implement a novel contactless tactile BCI. This achievement was awarded the top pri...

This paper summarizes two novel ways to extend brain–computer interface (BCI) systems. One way involves hybrid BCIs. A hybrid BCI is a system that combines a BCI with another device to help people send information. Different types of hybrid BCIs are discussed, along with challenges and issues. BCIs are also being extended through intelligent systems. Software that allows high-level control, inc...

This paper discusses simulated on-line unsupervised adaptation of the LDA classifier in order to counteract the harmful effect of non-class related non-stationarities in EEG during BCI sessions. Three types of adaptation procedures were applied to the two large BCI data sets from TU Graz and Berlin BCI project. Our results demonstrate that the unsupervised adaptive classifiers can improve perfo...

OBJECTIVE Patients usually require long-term training for effective EEG-based brain-computer interface (BCI) control due to fatigue caused by the demands for focused attention during prolonged BCI operation. We intended to develop a user-friendly BCI requiring minimal training and less mental load. METHODS Testing of BCI performance was investigated in three patients with amyotrophic lateral ...

Several studies have explored brain computer interface (BCI) systems based on auditory stimuli, which could help patients with visual impairments. Usability and user satisfaction are important considerations in any BCI. Although background music can influence emotion and performance in other task environments, and many users may wish to listen to music while using a BCI, auditory, and other BCI...

Most Brain-Computer Interfaces (BCI) are based on machine learning and behave like black boxes, i.e., they cannot be interpreted. However, designing interpretable BCI would enable to discuss, verify or improve what the BCI has automatically learnt from brain signals, or possibly gain new insights about the brain. In this paper, we present an algorithm to design a fully interpretable BCI. It can...

This paper presents a virtual reality brain computer interface (BCI) system which allows the user to interact physical objects in the ubiquitous home. The system is designed for motion disabled people to control real home facilities by a simple motor imagery and minimal physical body movements. While BCI research has mostly focused on improving classification algorithm, our BCI system uses a si...