CD8+ T cells induced by Plasmodium yoelii sporozoites develop into protective memory cells without undergoing changes in interleukin-7 receptor alpha (IL-7Ralpha) expression, differing from the development of memory CD8+ T cells against viruses, which is associated with enhanced IL-7Ralpha expression. This suggests a microbe-dependent diversity in the signals determining the development of memo...

Removal of the mRNA 5' cap is an important step in the regulation of mRNA stability. mRNAs are degraded by at least two distinct exonucleolytic decay pathways, one from the 5' end, and the second from the 3' end. Two major cellular decapping enzymes have been identified, and each primarily functions in one of the two decay pathways. The Dcp2 decapping enzyme utilizes capped mRNA as substrate an...

Testosterone (250 microM), 7-ethoxycoumarin (25 microM), and 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene (CDNB, 50 microM) were used as substrates to compare phase I and II metabolism in rat precision-cut liver slices and rat hepatocytes. Overall clearance to metabolites was significantly greater in hepatocytes for testosterone (1.9- to 16.9-fold), 7-ethoxycoumarin (O-deethylation, 14.8-fold; glucuronidation, ...

مقاله‌ی حاضر مطالعه‌ای ست بینارشته‌ای در خصوص خوشبختی انسان مدرن به عنوان یکی از مهم‌ترین اهداف انقلاب فرانسه. ادبیات، چه به مثابه‌ی امکانی برای ارائه‌ی اندیشه‌های فلسفی چه به عنوان عرصه‌ی مجال تخیل و عاطفه، در هر صورت تلاش می‌کند تا به نیازهای فرد و جامعه پاسخ گوید و آن دو را در تحقق آرمان هایشان یاری رساند. اگر تعهد بازیگران عرصه‌ی حقوق و فلسفه در برابر مسائل و مشکلات اجتماعی، سیاسی و ایدئولو...