This paper explores the possible sensory function of the identified histaminergic neuron C2. Mechanical stimulation of a narrow region around the mouth of the animal (perioral zone) elicits brief depolarizing potentials in C2. Extracellular recordings from the peripheral axons of C2 indicate that the depolarizing potentials are due to action potentials that are conveyed from the periphery but d...

STUDY DESIGN Retrospective case series. PURPOSE To elucidate the impact of postoperative occiput-C2 (O-C2) angle change on subaxial cervical alignment. OVERVIEW OF LITERATURE In the case of occipito-upper cervical fixation surgery, it is recommended that the O-C2 angle should be set larger than the preoperative value postoperatively. METHODS The present study included 17 patients who unde...

This article represents the recent advances in our program about the design and assessment of the C2 organization structure. In the past research, we assessed the hierarchical C2 organization structures with its reactivity and cooperation efficiency based on the untested hypothesis that a military organization with a good C2 structure can respond to tasks quickly and form the required effective...

The transcription factor nuclear factor1-C2 (NF1-C2) mediates the action of prolactin in the mammary gland. Research on the molecular genetic mechanism of model system have indicated that the NF1-C2 gene plays an important role for the activation of several mammary gland specific genes (Nilsson et al. 2006). Moreover, the effects of prolactin on milk production traits have been reported in rumi...

During October 2014, enterovirus (EV) RNA was detected in the stools of four children attending the same class in a nursery school, and hospitalized with mild febrile and vomiting disease in Parma, Italy. Upon sequencing, the viruses were characterized as EV71 subgenogroup C2. Phylogenetic analysis of the four EV71 C2 viruses allowed the distinction of a diverging lineage within subgenogroup C2...

The fluid phase inactivation of C2(hu) by C1(hu) is markedly enhanced by the presence of C4(hu). The enhancement is afforded by C1 inactivated C4(hu), namely C4i(hu), and requires the simultaneous presence of enzymatically active C1. Heterologous C4 of guinea pig origin protects C2(hu) from the inactivation by C1(hu). Thus, in both the fluid phase and on the cellular intermediate, C4(hu) is ess...

The injury mechanism and magnitude of failure load of C2 fractures are important in the clinical treatment of its fixation. The magnitudes of the failure load of C2 and the mechanism of injury in vivo are uncertain. Accordingly, nine C2 vertebrae obtained from cadaver spines, ranging in age from 51 to 80 years, were used for the study. Special restraint conditions were applied to yield specific...

A zymogram method, following thin-layer isoelectric focusing in a polyacrylamide gel, allows resolution of the lytic activity of serum C2 complement protein in a spectrum of molecular forms. This spectrum is characteristic in each of the species studied (man, rhesus monkey, guinea pig, and hamster). Moreover, two different alternative patterns are observed in man: each of the six major lytic ba...

A thorough understanding of the morphology of the lamina of the second cervical vertebra (C2) is important for safe C2 translaminar screw placement. Although anatomical characteristics of the C2 lamina have been widely documented, individual differences in morphology have not been addressed. The aim of this study was to morphometrically analyze the cross-sectional shape of the C2 lamina and cla...

Present day and future joint warfare will increasingly demand rapid processing and transfer of data for Command and Control (C2). Improved capabilities to take this data and effectively utilize it for decisions is critical. Commanders need to obtain and use timely battle space information to make informed decisions. While capabilities for Air Force C2 has seen some technology improvements in re...