Atrial flutter in the donor part of orthotopic heart transplants has been reported and successfully treated by radiofrequency ablation of the cavotricuspid isthmus, but mapping and ablation of atypical flutter circuits may be challenging.(1) Entrainment mapping has been used in combination with activation mapping to define the mechanism of atypical atrial flutter. Here, we report a case where c...

This study presents a framework with closed-form solutions for the bimodal coupled bridge aerolastic system, and points out the control parameters which critically influence the generation of inter-modal coupling and aerodynamic damping. Accordingly, this information helps in developing a guideline for the selection of most important structural modes in a coupled flutter analysis. The role of e...

The benchmark active controls technology and wind tunnel test program at NASA Langley Research Center was started with the objective to investigate the nonlinear, unsteady aerodynamics and active flutter suppression of wings in transonic flow. The paper will present the flutter suppression control law design process, numerical nonlinear simulation and wind tunnel test results for the NACA 0012 ...

This work explores the use of tow steered composite laminates, functionally graded metals (FGM), thickness distributions, and curvilinear rib/spar/stringer topologies for aeroelastic tailoring. Parameterized models of the Common Research Model (CRM) wing box have been developed for passive aeroelastic tailoring trade studies. Metrics of interest include the wing weight, the onset of dynamic flu...

BACKGROUND Although most ablative procedures undertaken for common atrial flutter target the inferior right atrial isthmus, comparative studies of the morphology of this area are lacking. Our study examines its angiographic anatomy, making correlations with postmortem specimens, to provide a better understanding of the anatomic substrate of this arrhythmia. METHODS AND RESULTS The gross morph...

Large prospective, randomized, controlled trials have demonstrated the efficacy of anticoagulation for the prevention of cardioembolic stroke in atrial fibrillation. Anticoagulation with warfarin is associated with a 70% relative risk reduction in thromboembolic events for certain high risk groups and this can be accomplished without a substantive risk of major bleeding (1–3). Whether chronic a...

Fifty-five year old lady presented with complaints of recurrent palpitations for last 5 years. She had already undergone 3 previous attempts at ablation at another institution; the details of the procedures were not available. Previous cardiac disease or cardiac surgery was absent. Presenting ECG was consistent with counterclock wise (CCW) atrial flutter (Negative flutter waves in II, III, aVF ...

Auricular flutter was first described by McWilliam in 1887 (Mackenzie, 1925) as a result of experimental stimulation. Ritchie (1905) obtained graphic records from the jugular vein, and Jolly and Ritchie (1908) (Mackenzie, loc. cit.) took electrocardiographic tracings from one of Ritchie's cases of auricular flutter. Mackenzie looking back through his old records found cases of auricular flutter...