BACKGROUND There is currently no safe human challenge model of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection to enable proof-of-concept efficacy evaluation of candidate vaccines against tuberculosis. In vivo antimycobacterial immunity could be assessed using intradermal Mycobacterium bovis bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccination as a surrogate for M. tuberculosis infection. METHODS Healthy BCG-naive...

Bacillus Calmette-Guërin (BCG) has been traditionally used as a vaccine against tuberculosis. Further, intravesical administration of BCG has been shown to be effective in treating bladder cancer. Although BCG contains a live attenuated strain of Mycobacterium bovis, complications such as M. bovis BCG infection caused by BCG administration are extremely rare. Here, we report a case of BCG infec...

OBJECTIVE To describe the characteristics and risk of bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine related disease in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infected infants. METHODS Systematic literature review of articles published from 1950 to April 2009 in the English language. We identified all microbiologically confirmed cases of disseminated BCG disease in vertically HIV-infected children reporte...

Tuberculosis (TB), caused by the intracellular bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), remains a major health threat. A live, attenuated mycobacterium known as Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG), derived from the causative agent of cattle TB, Mycobacterium bovis, has been in clinical use as a vaccine for 90 years. The current incidence of TB demonstrates that BCG fails to protect sufficiently ag...

Neutrophils are often seen first at sites of granulomatous inflammation but their contribution to monocyte recruitment and granuloma formation is unknown. We tested the hypothesis that neutrophils release chemotaxins which attract monocytes. We found that rapid accumulations of fluid and influxes of neutrophils followed by monocytes occurred in bacillus Calmette--Guérin (BCG)-sensitized rabbits...

BACKGROUND Recent studies have suggested that Bacille Calmette-Guerin (BCG) vaccination may have a non-specific beneficial effect on infant survival and that a BCG scar may be associated with lower child mortality. No study has previously examined the influence of BCG vaccination on cause of death. METHODS Two cohorts (A and B) were used to describe the mortality pattern for children with and...

We take advantage of a state-of-art semi analytic model galaxy formation, and the presented in \citet{contini21a}, to investigate mass distribution Brightest Cluster Galaxies (BCGs) Intra-Cluster Light (ICL) by addressing two points: (1) region transition between BCG dominated an ICL one, and; (2) relation total BCG+ICL one alone. find radius be independent both halo masses, with average 60$\pm...

We have previously shown that bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) inactivated by extended freeze-drying (EFD) reduces airway hyperresponsiveness, whereas live and heat-killed BCG fail to do so. However, the cells involved in the protective effect and the signaling and transcriptional networks that could reprogram T cell commitment after EFD BCG treatment remained to be elucidated. We investigated wh...

Intravesical instillation of Mycobacterium bovis bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) has been used for treating bladder cancer for 3 decades. However, BCG therapy is ineffective in approximately 30-40% of cases. Since evidence supports the T helper type 1 (Th1) response to be essential in BCG-induced tumor destruction, studies have focused on enhancing BCG induction of Th1 immune responses. Although...

Healthy volunteers were randomized to receive percutaneous or intradermal bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccination. Delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) to tuberculin, as well as proliferative and interferon-gamma responses in peripheral blood mononuclear cells stimulated by whole cell lysates and culture filtrates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare, were compa...