Paraquat (PQ) is one of the most used herbicide worldwide. Its cytotoxicity is attributed to reactive radical generation. Resveratrol (Res) and montelukast (MK) have anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. The protective effects of Res, MK, or their combination against PQ-induced acute liver injury have not been investigated before. Therefore, we explored the protective potential of Res a...

BACKGROUND/AIM Midkine (MK), a heparin-binding growth factor, has an important role in cancer progression. The aim of this study was to determine MK expression in breast tissue and the preoperative and postoperative serum levels of patients with breast cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS Sixty-one patients with breast cancer participated in our study. The MK serum levels were measured pre- and post...

PURPOSE Midkine (MK) is a member of a family of heparin-binding growth factors, which was reported to have an important role in angiogenesis. Although MK was reported to be associated with bladder cancer progression, the functional significance of MK expression in bladder cancer progression has not been elucidated. The objectives of this study were to determine whether overexpression of MK in b...

The 13 kDa heparin-binding growth factor midkine (MK) was originally identified as a molecule involved in the orchestration of embryonic development. Recent studies provided evidence for a new role of MK in acute and chronic inflammatory processes. Accordingly, several inflammatory diseases including nephritis, arthritis, atherosclerosis, colitis, and autoimmune encephalitis have been shown to ...

The human burst-forming unit-megakaryocyte (BFU-MK) is a primitive megakaryocytic progenitor cell. A marrow cell population enriched for BFU-MK (CD34+ DR-) was obtained by monoclonal antibody labeling and fluorescence-activated cell sorting. CD34+DR- cells were assayed in a serum-depleted, fibrin clot culture system. Recombinant granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (rGM-CSF), recomb...

The effect of several recombinant cytokines, including interleukin-3 (IL-3), granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), IL-6, and IL-1 alpha, on megakaryocyte (MK) colony formation by a normal human bone marrow subpopulation (CD34+ DR+), enriched for the MK colony-forming unit (CFU-MK), was studied using a serum-depleted, fibrin clot culture system. IL-3 and GM-CSF, but not IL-6...

By the works of Levine [2] and Rolfsen [5], [6], it is known that a local move called a crossing-change is strongly related to the Alexander invariant. In this note, we will consider to what degree the relationship is strong. Let K be a knot, and K the set of knots obtained from a knot K by a single crossing-change. Let MK be the Alexander invariant of a knot K, and MK the set of the Alexander ...

introduction: neuropathic pain syndromes are changes resulting from damage to neuronal pathways that are characterized by spontaneous burning sensation with accompanying allodynia and hyperalgesia. since the treatments of neuropathic pain are poorly understood and existing treatments are often ineffective, it is important to increase our understanding of the neuropathic pain states in order to ...

The heparin-binding growth factor midkine (MK) comprises a family with pleiotrophin/heparin-binding growth-associated molecule. The biological phenomena in which MK is involved can be categorized into five areas: (i) cancer, (ii) inflammation/immunity, (iii) blood pressure, (iv) development and (v) tissue protection. The phenotypes are clear in vivo, but the mechanisms by which MK exerts these ...