Apoptosis contributes to antitumor effect of Newcastle disease virus (NDV). Autophagy is a protective response under cellular stress including viral infection. How autophagy interferes with oncolysis of NDV remains unclear. In this study, we found that NDV La Sota strain induced autophagy and preserved autophagic flux in non-small cell lung cancer cells. NDV-induced autophagy promoted viral rep...

An outbreak of Newcastle disease (ND) in poultry was reported in Belize in 2008. The characteristics of three virulent Newcastle disease virus (NDV) isolates from this outbreak (NDV-Belize-3/08, NDV-Belize-4/08, and NDV-Belize-12/08) were assessed by genomic analysis and by clinicopathological characterization in specific-pathogen-free (SPF) chickens. The results showed that all three strains b...

The present study investigated the molecular evolution of nucleocapsid protein (NP) in different Newcastle disease virus (NDV) genotypes. The evolutionary timescale and rate were estimated using the Bayesian Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) method. The p-distance, Bayesian skyline plot (BSP), and positively selected sites were also analyzed. The MCMC tree indicated that NDV diverged about 250 ye...

Viral infection activates a host's cellular phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt signaling pathway, which is involved in cell differentiation, growth, survival, and apoptosis. To elucidate molecular mechanisms in the pathogenesis of Newcastle disease virus (NDV), we demonstrated that NDV transiently activates the PI3K/Akt pathway in chicken cells at an early phase of infection. Its activati...

This study is aimed at evaluating antibody responses, viral loads, clearance and growth rate of Tanzanian free-range local chicken (FRLC) challenged with LaSota strain Newcastle disease virus (NDV) as indicator traits for selection chickens breeding enhanced resistance to the economic value. Three popular ecotypes: Kuchi, Ching’wekwe Morogoro-medium from three ecological zones Tanzania we...

A triple one-step RT-PCR was developed to screen and differentiate virulent from avirulent Newcastle disease virus (NDV) isolates. Three sets of oligonucleotides were designed, each specific for amplifying NDV fusion protein gene-specific RNA from virulent, avirulent or all isolates respectively. The sensitivity of one-step RT-PCR was determined using viral RNA extracted from serially diluted N...

Newcastle disease (ND) leading to heavy economic losses to the poultry industry worldwide is caused by Newcastle disease virus (NDV). Even though intensive vaccination programs have been implemented in many countries, virulent NDV can still be frequently isolated in well-vaccinated flocks. We compared the protection efficiency of LaSota and two sub-genotype VIId vaccines, NDV/AI4 and NDV O/AI4,...

Newcastle disease virus (NDV), an avian paramyxovirus, is tumor selective and intrinsically oncolytic. Here, we present evidence that genetically modified, recombinant NDV strains are cytotoxic to human tumor cell lines of ecto-, endo-, and mesodermal origin. We show that cytotoxicity against tumor cells is due to multiple caspase-dependent pathways of apoptosis independent of interferon signal...

Natural and vaccine-induced virus infections often are associated with depression of delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH),' T-helper cell function, and the in vitro proliferative response of lymphocytes to antigens and phytohemagglutinin (1-3). The underlying mechanisms are complex and have not yet been fully elucidated. However, in certain myxoand paramyxovirus infections, unresponsiveness seem...

We have completely sequenced the genome of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) vaccine strain LaSota. The sequences of the 3'- and 5'-terminal ends of the RNA genome were determined by sequencing cDNA fragments generated by rapid amplification of cDNA ends. The entire genomic sequence, which was established by sequencing cDNA fragments generated by high-fidelity RT-PCR, consists of 15186 nt. Comparis...