Results The isolate was confirmed as E. coli O25b-sequence type (ST) 131 clone of B2 phylogenetic group. The isolate was resistant to all antibiotics tested except sulfamethoxazole, trimethoprim and nitrofurantoin and Etest confirmed that it is highly resistant to meropenem, imipenem, ciprofloxacin, cefotaxime and ceftazidime with MIC values of >16 mg/l, 32 mg/l, >64 mg/l, 32 mg/l & >32mg/l res...

Antimicrobials are heavily used in Chilean salmon aquaculture. We previously found significant differences in antimicrobial-resistant bacteria between sediments from an aquaculture and a non-aquaculture site. We now show that levels of antimicrobial resistance genes (ARG) are significantly higher in antimicrobial-selected marine bacteria than in unselected bacteria from these sites. While ARG i...

A significant increase in the isolation frequency of ciprofloxacin-resistant Escherichia coli was observed in the haematology departments of two university hospitals in The Netherlands. Amplified fragment length polymorphism analysis revealed that this increase was not caused by the emergence of unique ciprofloxacinresistant clones. Determination of the presence of class 1 integrons indicated t...

OBJECTIVES Pentapeptide repeat proteins (PRPs) QnrA, QnrB and QnrS confer reduced susceptibility to quinolones. This study presents an in vitro analysis of the genetic evolution of quinolone resistance mediated by changes in the coding sequences and promoter regions of qnrA1, qnrS1 and qnrB1 genes. METHODS A random mutagenesis technique was used to predict the evolutionary potential of these ...

Three major groups of the plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (Qnr) determinants have been identified so far in Enterobacteriaceae: the QnrA group, which includes 6 variants, the QnrB group, which includes 19 variants, and the QnrS group, which includes 3 variants (5). Although Qnr proteins produce only low-level resistance, they provide a favorable background for higher resistance to occur a...

conclusions considering the high prevalence of esbl genes (bla ctx-m, 87%; and bla tem, 82%), fluoroquinolones may be used as an alternative drug in treatment, although resistance to this family is increasing as well. as a result, this increasing trend should be prevented using appropriate guidelines for prescription. background escherichia coli is the most important as well as the most common ...

The ability of bacteria to procure, sometimes rearrange, and evince acquired DNA continues to impress us-even more so if this genetic plasticity involves the sequestering of antibiotic resistance genes. The acquisition of genes in bacteria is often facilitated by transposons, integrons and archetype insertion elements. Recently however, a new element, 'orf513', has been increasingly associated ...

OBJECTIVES To gain insight into the functionality of qnr-like genes of several bacterial species of Vibrionaceae that may encode quinolone resistance determinants. METHODS A PCR-based strategy was used to obtain qnr-like genes of reference strains of Vibrio vulnificus CIP103196, Vibrio parahaemolyticus CIP71.2 and Photobacterium profundum CIP106289 that were sequenced, cloned and expressed in...