[Purpose] The present study examined the effects of treatment using PNF extension techniques on the pain, pressure pain, and neck and shoulder functions of the upper trapezius muscles of myofascial pain syndrome (MPS) patients. [Subjects] Thirty-two patients with MPS in the upper trapezius muscle were divided into two groups: a PNF group (n=16), and a control group (n=16) [Methods] The PNF grou...

[Purpose] This study examined the effects of ramp gait training using lower extremity patterns of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) on chronic stroke patients' dynamic balance ability. [Subjects and Methods] In total, 30 stroke patients participated in this study, and they were assigned randomly and equally to an experimental group and a control group. The experimental group recei...

The gln-gamma gene, encoding the gamma subunit of glutamine synthetase in French bean (Phaseolus vulgaris), is strongly induced during nodule development. We have determined the nucleotide sequence of a 1.3-kilobase region at its 5' end and have identified several sequences common to the promoter regions of late nodulin genes from other legume species. The 5'-flanking region was analyzed for se...

BACKGROUND Psychosocial stress leads to altered neuroendocrine functions, such as serotonergic dysfunction, as well as alterations of the autonomic nervous system and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA)-axis activity resulting in an imbalance between inhibitory and excitatory neurotransmitters. Poor dietary intake of L-tryptophan as a precursor of serotonin increases sensitivity to stress....

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of core strengthening combined with pelvic proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) on trunk impairment, balance, gait, and functional ability of chronic stroke patients. Twenty-three participants with chronic stroke were recruited and randomly allocated to one of the two groups: core strengthening combined with pelvic PNF (group 1, n...

[Purpose] The purpose of this study was to determine whether exercises using proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) scapular and pelvic patterns might decrease the pain index and increase the lumbar flexibility of obese patients with low back pain. [Subjects and Methods] Thirty obese patients with low back pain were randomly assigned to an experimetal group (n=15) and a control group (...

The purpose of this study was to determine what kind of resistive exercise of the sound limb causes the most effective cross-education, which is defined as the muscle activity of the unexercised limb during contralateral exercise, by analyzing the force and electrical activity of the affected muscle. Six orthopedic patients with unilateral lower extremity impairment that resulted in unexercised...

To find out the efficacy of different PNF stretching techniques in improving Hamstring muscle flexibility.Study Design included prepost test control group design. Participants were 30 male students from King Saud University between the age group of 18 to 24 years having Hamstring tightness and without any musculoskeletal disorders formed the sample of this study. Subject’s age, height and weigh...

Reports in the rehabilitation literature suggest that patients with trans-femoral amputation ambulate well after suitable prosthetic treatment. The effects of exercise protocols on function, however, have not been documented in this population. This study was conducted to compare the outcome of traditional and proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) techniques on weight bearing and gait...

Plexiform neurofibroma (PNF) arises as a diffuse mass from nerve trunk and leads to overgrowth of cutis and subcutis structure. This is a case report of 20-year-old male, presented to our hospital with a giant ulcerated swelling over his left arm. Differential diagnosis of sarcoma, neurofibroma, hemangioma and angiolipoma was made but biopsy confirmed the diagnosis of plexiform neurofibroma. Is...