Current evidence indicates that Mycobacterium avium infection in patients with AIDS is acquired mostly through the gastrointestinal (GI) tract and that M. avium binds to and invades GI mucosal cells in vitro. Since M. avium is exposed to specific environmental conditions in the GI tract such as changes in pH, low oxygen (O2) tension, increased osmolarity, and low concentration of iron, we inves...

Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (M. ap), the causative agent of Johne's disease, infects many farmed ruminants, wild-life animals, and recently isolated from humans. To better understand the molecular pathogenesis of these infections, we analyzed the whole-genome sequences of several M. ap and M. avium subspecies avium (M. avium) isolates to gain insights into genomic diversity ...

Disseminated Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) infection has reached epidemic proportions and is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in AIDS patients. We have developed a liposomal preparation of amikacin, VS107, which incorporates the drug in 54-65 nm diameter unilameller phospholipid vesicles and is stable at 4 degrees C for more than 4 months. VS107 exhibits superior microbiological and...

Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) for the diagnosis of Johne's disease (JD), caused by Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis, were developed using whole bacilli treated with formaldehyde (called WELISA) or surface antigens obtained by treatment of M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis bacilli with formaldehyde and then brief sonication (called SELISA). ELISA plates were coated with e...

Infection with Mycobacterium avium complex is acquired from the environment, but risk factors for M. avium complex infection and disease are poorly understood. To identify risk factors for infection, the authors performed a 1998-2000 cross-sectional study in western Palm Beach County, Florida, using a population-based random household survey. M. avium complex infection was identified by use of ...

1. Facklam RR, Teixeira LM. Enterococcus. In: Lollier L, Balows A, Sussman M, editors. Topley and Wilson’s Microbiology and Microbial Infections, 9 ed. New York: Oxford University Press; 1998. pp. 669-82. 2. Crum NF. Group A Streptococcal brain abscess. Scan J Infect Dis 2004; 36: 238­ 9. 3. Kangsanarak J, Fooanant S, Ruckphaopunt K, Navacharoen N, Teotrakul S. Extracranial and intracranial com...

OBJECTIVE to determine the rate of disseminated infection due to non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) among Finnish AIDS patients, and to analyse the epidemiology of these infections. METHODS in a prospective cohort study HIV-infected patients with CD4 counts < 200 x 10(6)/l were interviewed, and had mycobacterial blood cultures performed at baseline and at 6 months, then subsequently for clini...

Copyright © 2012 Mitchell V. Palmer et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Mycobacterium bovis, Mycobac-terium avium subsp. avium, Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis, Mycobacter...

In this study, fruit quality characteristics of sweet cherry cultivars (Prunus avium L. cvs. 0900 Ziraat, Kordia, Lambert, Regina, Sweetheart) grown in Ordu province Turkey were investigated. The Kordia cultivar's mass, width, and length measured higher than Lambert Ziraat cultivars. However, it was observed that the width cultivar similar to Regina Sweetheart. It determined firmness Sweetheart...

Studies of small trees growing in pots have established that individual amino acids or amides are translocated in the xylem sap of a range of tree species following bud burst, as a consequence of nitrogen (N) remobilization from storage. This paper reports the first study of N translocation in the xylem of large, deciduous, field-grown trees during N remobilization in the spring. We applied 15N...