هدف: پژوهش حاضر با هدف شناسایی پیامدهای تحمل ابهام رهبران و طراحی الگوی جامعی از این پیامدها صورت ­گرفته ­است.طراحی/ روش‌شناسی/ رویکرد: رویکرد کیفی روش تحلیل­ مضمون انجام­ شده­ است. جامعه­ آماری عبارتند خبرگان دانشگاهی اجرایی وزارت نفت که تجربه تصمیم‌­گیری مدیریت در شرایط عدم اطمینان را دارند. نمونه نوزده نفر بوده ­است. نمونه‌­گیری پژوهش، هدفمند گلوله‌برفی انجام ­شد. داده‌ها نیز طریق مصاحبه گرد...

Observations of oscillatory features in the 2D spectra of several photosynthetic complexes have led to diverged opinions on their origins, including electronic coherence, vibrational coherence, and vibronic coherence. In this work, effects of these different types of quantum coherence on ultrafast pump-probe polarization anisotropy are investigated and distinguished. We first simulate the isotr...

The coherence function provides a measure of spectral similarity of two signals, but measurement noise decreases the values of measured coherence. When the two signals are the input and output of a linear system, any system noise also decreases the measured coherence values. In digital computations, useful coherence values require some degree of averaging to increase the degrees of freedom to m...

We investigated the relationship between two- and three-photon coherence in terms of the transition routes and coupling field intensities in a Doppler-broadened ladder-type atomic system for the 5S(1/2)-5P(3/2)-5D(5/2) transition in (87)Rb atoms. Three-photon electromagnetically induced absorption (TPEIA) due to three-photon coherence was observed in the only transition route that exhibited a d...

Bayesian Coherence Theory of Justification or, for short, Bayesian Coherentism, is characterized by two theses, viz. (i) that our degree of confidence in the content of a set of propositions is positively affected by the coherence of the set, and (ii) that coherence can be characterized in probabilistic terms. There has been a longstanding question of how to construct a measure of coherence. We...

The coherence function [1] of a stationary, ergodic electromagnetic field is the complete description of its second-order statistics [2, 3]. In a twodimensional aperture, this function comprises the correlations between all pairs of points, so that the coherence is a four-dimensional function. While coherence is a rich source of sensing data, it is almost always impractical to measure the entir...

Processor vendors are integrating more and more cores into their chip. These many-core processors usually implement hardware coherence mechanisms, but when the core count goes to hundreds or more, it becomes prohibitively difficult to design and verify efficient hardware coherence support. Despite this, many parallel applications, for example RMS applications [9], show little data sharing, whic...