In addition to the conventional luminance spatial frequency-dependent, disparity processing mode, there is a second-order luminance spatial frequency-independent type of processing available to the stereoscopic system. Here we use gaussian-enveloped, amplitude-modulated grating patches to determine how the stereoscopic system responds to the presence of two sources of second-order disparity inf...

We present a neural network model of short-term dynamics of the human horizontal vergence system (HVS) and compare its predictions qualitatively and quantitatively with a large variety of horizontal disparity vergence data. The model consists of seven functional stages, namely: (1) computation of instantaneous disparity; (2) generation of a disparity map; (3) conversion of the disparity into a ...

Stereoacuity thresholds, measured with bar targets, rise as the absolute disparity of the bars is increased. One explanation for this rise is that, as the bars are moved away from the fixation plane, the stereo system uses coarser mechanisms to encode the bars' disparity; coarse mechanisms are insensitive to small changes in target disparity, resulting in higher thresholds. To test this explana...

In optometry of binocular vision, the question may arise whether prisms should be included in eyeglasses to compensate an oculomotor and/or sensory imbalance between the two eyes. The corresponding measures of objective and subjective fixation disparity may be reduced by the prisms, or the adaptability of the binocular vergence system may diminish effects of the prisms over time. This study inv...

While 3D experiences through binocular disparity sensitivity have acquired special status in the understanding of human stereo vision, much remains to be learned about how binocularity is put to use in animals. The owl provides an exceptional model to study stereo vision as it displays one of the highest degrees of binocular specialization throughout the animal kingdom. In a series of six behav...

We present a neural network model of short-term dynamics of the human horizontal vergence system (HVS) and compare its predictions qualitatively and quantitatively with a large variety of horizontal disparity vergence data. The model consists of seven functional stages, namely: (1) computation of instantaneous disparity; (2) generation of a disparity map; (3) conversion of the disparity into a ...