Microscopic simulation modelling has recently become attractive to researchers in traffic engineering as it appears to offer a cost effective and ‘safe’ way of investigating Intelligent Vehicle-Highway System (IVHS) at a fundamental level. However, the deterministic approach used assumes a consistency of behaviour which may severely detract from model validity. This may be overcome by using a ‘...

Shortest Path Problem where the time/cost have vague value is one of the most studied problems in Fuzzy sets and systems area. Thus numerous articles have focused on the Fuzzy Shortest Path Problem (FSPP) in a network. This paper, presents the fuzzy shortest length heuristic procedure if the length of the path in the network is trapezoidal fuzzy set where the highest similarity degree is utiliz...

Two definitions of fuzzy sets with Boolean-valued membership functions, introduced by Drossos and Markakis and called by them external and internal Boolean fuzzy sets, are compared with a third, classical definition descending more directly from the original Zadeh's and Goguen's ideas. Under some rather general conditions, internal and classical Boolean fuzzy sets are proved to be equivalent in...

The notion of a rough set was originally proposed by Pawlak [Z. Pawlak, Rough sets, International Journal of Computer and Information Sciences 11 (5) (1982) 341–356]. Later on, Dubois and Prade [D. Dubois, H. Prade, Rough fuzzy sets and fuzzy rough sets, International Journal of General System 17 (2–3) (1990) 191–209] introduced rough fuzzy sets and fuzzy rough sets as a generalization of rough...

Whenever a functional is concave it is natural to ask whether its sendograph is a closed convex set. If so, the Hahn–Banach theory implies that the functional can be represented as the infimum of all continuous linear functionals greater than or equal to it. We refer to such representation as a dual representation. Dominated convergence of the concave integral for capacities is characterized in...

This paper investigates the approximation behaviour of the K1 oczy–Hirota (KH) interpolative fuzzy controllers. First, in accordance with the remarks in (Fuzzy Sets and Systems 125(1) (2002) 105), it is pointed out that it is a fuzzy generalization of the Shepard operator. Shepard operator has thoroughly studied by approximation theorist since the mid-1970s. Exploiting the aforementioned relati...

Ying-Ming Wang , Jian-Bo Yang, Dong-Ling Xu, Kwai-Sang Chin a Manchester Business School, The University of Manchester, PO Box 88, Manchester M60 1QD, UK b School of Public Administration, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, PR China c Department of Manufacturing Engineering and Engineering Management, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee, Kowloon, Hong Kong Abstract In a paper by Chen...

The mean-variance methodology for the portfolio selection problem, originally proposed by Markowitz, has been one of the most important research fields in modern finance. In this paper we will assume that (i) each investor can assign a welfare, or utility, score to competing investment portfolios based on the expected return and risk of the portfolios; and (ii) the rates of return on securities...

Background Childhood obesity has increased as a health problem worldwide and WHO have declared that obesity is a global epidemic problem which is needed to be managed promptly. In the last decades, prevalence of childhood obesity has raised dramatically. Childhood obesity may results in overweight and impose other health problems. It is also a risk factor for development of Type-2 Diabetes Mell...

We present XMM-Newton observations and spectral fitting of two highly redshift, [OIII]-luminous, narrow-line radio galaxies, B3 0731+438 and 3C 257. Their X-ray continua are well fitted by a partial covering model with intrinsically unabsorbed and absorbed powerlaw components. The spectral models indicate that both objects harbour highly obscured nuclei, with NH ≈ 0.5 − 2 × 10 23 cm. Correcting...