Precipitation and temperature drive many aspects of terrestrial ecosystem function. Climate change scenarios predict increasing precipitation variability and temperature, and long term experiments are required to evaluate the ecosystem consequences of interannual climate variation, increased growing season (intra-annual) rainfall variability, and warming. We present results from an experiment a...

The effect of hygroscopic seeding on warm rain clouds was examined using a hybrid cloud microphysical model combining a Lagrangian Cloud Condensation Nuclei (CCN) activation model, a semi-Lagrangian droplet growth model, and an Eulerian spatial model for advection and sedimentation of droplets. This hybrid cloud microphysical model accurately estimated the effects of CCN on cloud microstructure...

Rain plays a major impairment factor for propagation of electromagnetic waves in atmosphere for systems operating at frequencies above 10 GHz. Several effects are noted such as depolarization, scintillation, interference due to scattering and extra attenuation which seems to increase with frequency. To mitigate its effect in satellite communication, knowledge of local rainfall statistics is nec...

accelerated soil erosion is an undesirable process that adversely affects water and soil resources. rainfall erosivity is an important factor in water erosion models. accordingly, the present study was conducted to estimate the rainfall erosivity throughout iran based on the latest available detailed rainfall data while considering its temporal and spatial variations. to accomplish this, th...

Phosphorus (P) in runoff from pastures amended with poultry litter may be a significant contributor to eutrophication of lakes and streams in Georgia and other areas in the southeastern United States. The objectives of this research were to determine the effects of litter application rate and initial runoff timing on the long-term loss of P in runoff from surface-applied poultry litter and to d...

In the context of stormwater quality modelling, an in-depth understanding of underlying physical processes and the availability of reliable and accurate mathematical equations, which can replicate pollutant processes are essential. Stormwater pollutants undergo three primary processes, namely, build-up, wash-off and transport, before accumulating into receiving waters. These processes are expre...

A total of 21 gauges across the mountainous leeward portion of the island of Oʻahu, Hawaiʻi, were used to compare rainfall interpolation methods and assess rainfall spatial variability over a 34-month monitoring period from 2005 to 2008. Traditional and geostatistical interpolation methods, including Thiessen polygon, inverse distance weighting (IDW), linear regression, ordinary kriging (OK), a...

Local dry/wet conditions are of great concern in regional water resource and floods/droughts disaster risk management. Satellite-based precipitation products have greatly improved their accuracy and applicability and are expected to offer an alternative to ground rain gauges data. This paper investigated the capability of Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) rainfall data for monitoring t...

A statistical approach is used to explore the variability of precipitation and meteorological drought in Mexico’s Rı́o Yaqui basin on seasonal-to-decadal timescales. For this purpose, a number of custom datasets have been developed, including a monthly 1900-2004 precipitation index for the Yaqui basin created by merging two gridded land-surface precipitation products, a 350-year tree-ring based ...

[1] The cross‐scale probabilistic structure of rainfall intensity records collected over time scales ranging from hours to decades at sites dominated by both convective and frontal systems is investigated. Across these sites, intermittency build‐up from slow to fast time‐scales is analyzed in terms of heavy tailed and asymmetric signatures in the scale‐wise evolution of rainfall probability den...