After the earthquake and tsunami on 11 March 2011 damaged the Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power Plant (FDNPP), an accidental release of a large amount of radioactive isotopes into both the air and the ocean occurred. Measurements provided by the Japanese agencies over the past 5 years show that elevated concentrations of 137Cs still remain in sediments, benthic organisms, and demersal fishes in ...

Riparian forests can provide an important service for aquatic ecosystems by sequestering hillslopederived sediments. However, the width of a riparian buffer zone required to filter sediments is not yet wellunderstood. Here are used two complementary tracers to measure sediment retention. The 137Cs technique and the soil carbon isotopic ratios (delta13C) are utilized to investigate sediment depo...

Short day length-induced alteration of potassium (K) localization in perennial trees is believed to be a mechanism for surviving and adapting to severe winters. To investigate the relationship between cesium (Cs) and K localizations, a model tree poplar, hybrid aspen T89, was employed. Under short day length conditions, the amount of 137Cs absorbed through the root and translocated to the root ...

The migration of radionuclides in the environment is complex and involves multiple biotic and abiotic components and interactions. When developing conceptual and mathematical models of such processes, there is a risk that important components and interactions are omitted or underestimated. This risk can be reduced if a systematic approach to model development is applied. In this paper, a system...

Naturally occurring radioactive materials (NORMS) and fallout 137Cs were estimated in surface soils from the highly mineralized Singhbhum region of Eastern India. The activity concentrations varied from 50.67-109.14 Bq/kg (238U), 48.12142.55 Bq/kg (226Ra), 28.73-89.78 Bq/kg (232Th), 494.84-1121.36 Bq/kg (40K) and 1.8-7.48 Bq/kg (137Cs). Correlation between radionuclides was studied. 232Th/238U ...

In the studies of radiological assessment, 137Cs is the most important radioactive contaminant, produced from the atmospheric bomb tests, discharges from nuclear reprocessing plants and the Chernobyl reactor accident. The systems most commonly used for the in situ monitoring of γ-radiation in seawater, are based on NaI(Tl) detectors, which are characterized by high detection efficiency and low ...

Soils contaminated with radionuclides, particularly 137Cs and 90Sr, pose a long-term radiation hazard to human health through exposure via the foodchain and other pathways. Remediation of radionuclide-contaminated soils has become increasingly important. Removal of the contaminated surface soil (often up to 40 cm) or immobilization of radionuclides in soils by applying mineral and chemical amen...

background: the patterson-parker table was created in 1934 to determine mg-hr required to deliver the prescribed dose to the treatment area. these tables were created using the dosimetric data for 226ra that was determined in air and were utilized for dose calculations around implants with ra-equivalent radionuclides such as 137cs and 192ir. therefore, the differences of the tissue attenuation ...

background: for an effective treatment planning in brachytherapy, it is necessary to know the accurate source dosimetric information such as air kerma strength, exposure rate constant, dose rate constant and redial dose distribution. the usual method to determine these factors is thermo luminescent dosimeter (tld) dosimetry. nowadays, another more accurate method is known to be the monte carlo ...