MARIA CASADEVALL,1 ESTEBAN SAPERAS,2 JULIÁN PANÉS,1 AZUCENA SALAS,1 DONALD C. ANDERSON,3 JUAN R. MALAGELADA,2 AND JOSEP M. PIQUÉ1 1Gastroenterology Department, Institut Clı́nic de Malalties Digestives, Hospital Clı́nic, University of Barcelona, and 2Digestive System Research Unit, Hospital Vall d’Hebrón, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; and 3Discovery Research, Pharmacia-Upjohn Laboratories, Kalamazoo, Mi...

THE EXISTING US Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS) makes commercial-scale cellulosic ethanol a priority, calling for 16 billion gallons of cellulosic biofuel production by 2022, sourced from grasses, trees, agricultural residues, and municipal waste. The US Department of Energy “US Billion-Ton Update” study (Downing et al. 2011) suggests that to meet the mandates in the RFS, approximately 66 million...

Seo, J. T., H. Sugiya, S. I. Lee, M. C. Steward, and A. C. Elliott. Caffeine does not inhibit substance P-evoked intracellular Ca21 mobilization in rat salivary acinar cells. Am. J. Physiol. 276 (Cell Physiol. 45): C915–C922, 1999.—We used the Ca21-sensitive fluorescent dye fura 2, together with measurements of intracellular D-myo-inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate [Ins(1,4,5)P3], to assess the inhib...

Automated program repair (APR) techniques locate and fix faults automatically. In order to fix faults, APR applies a set of program modification operators (PMOs) to modify faulty programs. A potential repair is found when APR applies a PMO that fixes a fault. A brute-force search algorithm applies all PMOs in a predefined order until a potential repair is found. Brute-force can guarantee a fix ...

BACKGROUND Thailand has for years attempted to address illicit drug use through aggressive drug law enforcement. Despite accounts of widespread violence by police against people who inject drugs (IDU), the impact of police violence has not been well investigated. In the wake of an intensified police crackdown in 2011, we sought to identify the prevalence and correlates of experiencing police be...

BACKGROUND Prior research suggests that both social networks and parent drug use influence individual drug use among adolescents and that peers continue to influence drug use among adults. This analysis aims to determine whether parent drug use during childhood is associated with having drug-using networks in adulthood after adjusting for individual adult drug use. METHODS 650 young adult dru...

One of the most frequently reported, yet understudied, motivations for non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) involves automatic positive reinforcement (APR), wherein sensations arising from NSSI reinforce and promote the behavior. The current study used experience sampling methodology with a clinical sample of self-injuring adolescents (N=30) over a 2-week period during which the adolescents reported...

PURPOSE State-based Medicaid programs have begun using All Patient Refined-Diagnosis-Related Groups (APR-DRGs) to determine hospital reimbursement rates. Medicaid provides coverage for 45% of childhood cancer admissions. This study aimed to examine how well APR-DRGs reflect admission costs for childhood cancer chemotherapy to inform clinicians, hospitals, and policymakers in the wake of policy ...

INTRODUCTION The American Heart Association established 7 cardiovascular health metrics as targets for promoting healthier lives. Cardiovascular health has been hypothesized to play a role in individuals' perception of quality of life; however, previous studies have mostly assessed the effect of cardiovascular risk factors on quality of life. METHODS Data were from the 2013 Behavioral Risk Fa...

Cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) elicits derangements to the formed elements of blood because of the physical stresses of extracorporeal flow. Methods of reducing the impact of CPB include circuit surface modification and pharmacological supplementation. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of aprotinin in combination with surface modification during simulated CPB. Fresh whole bovin...