T he ability to imagine a 3-dimensional (3D) image of the heart was one of the earliest recognized benefits of 2-dimensional (2D) echocardiography at its inception 40 years ago. The ability to build such an image in real time has been a remarkable feat of image processing in the past decade. Intuitively, 3D imaging is the future of echocardiography, and the superiority of this method compared w...

The Transmission Electron Microscope provides two-dimensional (2D) images of the specimens under study. However, the architecture of these specimens is defined in a three-dimensional (3D) coordinate space, in volumetric terms, making the direct microscope output somehow "short" in terms of dimensionality. This situation has prompted the development of methods to quantitatively estimate 3D volum...

adenomyosis is an idiopathic and benign disease in which ectopic endometrial glands embedded deeply in myometrial smooth muscle with the compensatory hypertrophy of the myometrium surrounding the ectopic endometrium (1, 2). there is a correlation between depth of the infiltration and initial too high stage of adenomyosis. lesions may characterize as a diffuse or focal lesions. the highest preva...

Three-dimensional (3D) culture models represent a better approximation of solid tumor tissue architecture, especially cell adhesion, in vivo than two-dimensional (2D) cultures do. Here, we explored the role of architecture in chemosensitivity to platinum in colon cancer. Under the 3D culture condition, colon cancer cells formed multicellular spheroids, consisting of layers of cells. 3D cultures...

Seven new coordination polymers, [Co(3-bpcd)(1,3-BDC)(H(2)O)(3)]·H(2)O (1), [Co(3-bpcd)(1,2-BDC)(H(2)O)]·H(2)O (2), [Co(3)(3-bpcd)(1,2,4-BTC)(2)(H(2)O)(4)]·4H(2)O (3), [Co(3-bpcd)(NPH)]·2H(2)O (4), [Cu(3-bpcd)(1,3-BDC)] (5), [Cu(3-bpcd)(1,2-BDC)] (6), [Cu(3-bpcd)(1,3,5-HBTC)(H(2)O)](2)·2H(2)O (7) (3-bpcd = N,N'-bis(pyridin-3-yl)cyclohexane-1,4-dicarboxamide, 1,3-H(2)BDC = 1,3-benzenedicarboxyli...

We present two-dimensional Mg(OH)2 sheets and their vertical heterojunctions with CVD-MoS2 for the first time as flexible 2D insulators with anomalous lattice vibration and chemical and physical properties. New hydrothermal crystal growth technique enabled isolation of environmentally stable monolayer Mg(OH)2 sheets. Raman spectroscopy and vibrational calculations reveal that the lattice vibrat...

In this paper we discuss a method to design 2 dimensional (2D) FIR filters with the help of Chebyshev polynomials. The polynomial is first converted into a 2D function and later a mapping function is used to design the filters. By the proposed technique one can design filters with various types of passband.

The longitudinal and transverse nuclear magnetic relaxation rates 1/T1(T ) and 1/T2(T ) are calculated for threeand two-dimensional (3D and 2D) metallic ferroand antiferromagnets (FM and AFM) with localized magnetic moments in the spin-wave temperature region. The contribution of the onemagnon decay processes is strongly enhanced in comparison with the standard T -linear Korringa term, especial...

The longitudinal and transverse nuclear magnetic relaxation rates 1/T1(T ) and 1/T2(T ) are calculated for threeand two-dimensional (3D and 2D) metallic ferroand antiferromagnets (FM and AFM) with localized magnetic moments in the spin-wave temperature region. The contribution of the onemagnon decay processes is strongly enhanced in comparison with the standard T -linear Korringa term, especial...

The present work solves two-dimensional Advection-Dispersion Equation (ADE) in a semi-infinite domain. A variable source concentration is regarded as the monotonic decreasing function at the source boundary (x=0). Depth-dependent variables are considered to incorporate real life situations in this modeling study, with zero flux condition assumed to occur at the exit boundary of the domain, i.e....