BACKGROUND Cystic fibrosis (CF) lung disease begins in early life and is progressive with the major risk factor being an exaggerated inflammatory response. Currently, assessment of neutrophilic inflammation in early cystic fibrosis (CF) lung disease relies on bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL). The chitinase-like protein YKL-40 is raised in sputum and serum of adults with CF. We investigated YKL-40 i...

We generalise the biswapped network Bsw(G) to obtain a multiswapped network Msw(H ;G), built around two graphs G and H . We show that the network Msw(H ;G) lends itself to optoelectronic implementation and examine its topological and algorithmic. We derive the length of a shortest path joining any two vertices in Msw(H ;G) and consequently a formula for the diameter. We show that if G has conne...

Overweight and obesity among people with cystic fibrosis (CF) has become more prevalent since the widespread adoption of CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) modulator therapies now affects 40% adult population. This presents a new challenge for nutritional care. We aimed to explore how clinicians working in care approach management adults overweight/obesity. conducted semi-structured ...

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Multi-electrode array recordings of spike and local field potential (LFP) activity were made from primary auditory cortex of 12 normal hearing, ketamine-anesthetized cats. We evaluated 259 spectro-temporal receptive fields (STRFs) and 492 frequency-tuning curves (FTCs) based on LFPs and spikes simultaneously recorded on the same electrode. We compared their characteristic frequency (CF) gradien...

Recent data in S-Kam favor the large mixing angle MSW (LMA-MSW) solution. How does one get the LMA-MSW solution as well as the maximal mixing of the atmospheric neutrinos in theory? It is not easy to reproduce the nearly bi-maximal mixings with LMA-MSW solution in GUT models[1, 2, 3]. The non-abelian flavor symmetry S3L × S3R or O3L × O3R leads to the LMA-MSW solution naturally[4, 5]. The mass ...

Historically, to describe numbers, some cultures used bases much larger than our usual base 10, namely, 20, 40, and 60. There are explanations for 60, there is explanation but 40—used in medieval Russia—remains largely a mystery. In this paper, we provide possible all these three bases, an based on the natural need manage large groups of people. We also speculate why different bases.