STUDY DESIGN A case-control study. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study is to identify biochemical markers for surgical site infection (SSI) in posterior instrumented spinal fusion that are not affected by operative circumstances and to determine diagnostic cutoffs for these markers. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA Numerous biochemical markers may be used for early detection of SSI; however, th...

Development of drought-tolerant cultivars is hampered by a lack of effective selectioncriteria. In this research, response of 36 genotypes of rapeseed from seven species of Brassicaincluding B. napus, B. rapa, B. juncea, B. carinata, B. oleracea, B. nigra and B. fruticulosa wasassessed under three moisture levels (no stress, mild stress and intense stress) in the field during2011-2012. Five dro...

BACKGROUND Surgical site infection (SSI) is a well-known complication of general surgery. Although overall SSI rate is relatively low, it is the most common nosocomial infection. SSI adversely affects patient outcomes and healthcare costs. METHODS Patients who underwent general surgical procedures between 2003 and 2009 were included in the study. SSI diagnosed based on the National Nosocomial...

We compared thresholds for discriminating spatial frequency for children aged 5, 7, and 9 years, and adults at two baseline spatial frequencies (1 and 3 cpd). In Experiment 1, the minimum change from baseline necessary to detect a change in spatial frequency from either baseline decreased with age from 34% in 5-year-olds to 11% in 7-year-olds, 8% in 9-year-olds, and 6% in adults. The data were ...

in eastern austria, alfalfa is usually grown as a rainfed crop in crop rotations in organic farming systems, where yearto- year rainfall fluctuations cause different levels of drought stress. to identify the suitability of different alfalfa genotypes and drought tolerance indices, 18 contrasting alfalfa genotypes were evaluated under irrigated and rainfed conditions at the research station of t...