The Kalyna block cipher has recently been established as the Ukranian encryption standard in June, 2015. It was selected in a Ukrainian National Public Cryptographic Competition running from 2007 to 2010. Kalyna supports block sizes and key lengths of 128, 256 and 512 bits. Denoting the variants of Kalyna as Kalyna-b/k, where b denotes the block size and k denotes the keylength, the design spec...

The production of neurons from neural progenitor cells, the growth of axons and dendrites and the formation and reorganization of synapses are examples of neuroplasticity. These processes are regulated by cell-autonomous and intercellular (paracrine and endocrine) programs that mediate responses of neural cells to environmental input. Mitochondria are highly mobile and move within and between s...

In this paper we present a cryptanalysis of a new 256-bit hash function, FORK-256, proposed by Hong et al. at FSE 2006. This cryptanalysis is based on some unexpected differentials existing for the step transformation. We show their possible uses in different attack scenarios by giving a 1-bit (resp. 2-bit) near collision attack against the full compression function of FORK-256 running with com...

fant health outcomes, as well as reduced educational and employment opportunities for young mothers.2 Teenage pregnancy, early childbearing and adverse infant health outcomes are most likely to occur among disadvantaged women with restricted access to health services, but the social and economic pathways to these outcomes are not well understood.3 A great deal of attention has been focused on t...

Dabigatran etexilate, a double prodrug of dabigatran, is a reversible, competitive, direct thrombin inhibitor that has been approved for use in many countries. A recent guideline from the European Medicines Agency on drug-drug interactions proposed dabigatran etexilate as a sensitive in vivo and in vitro probe substrate for intestinal P-glycoprotein (P-gp) inhibition. We therefore performed a s...

heavy metal removal from water and wastewater was investigated by using raw and modified diatomite from Iranian mines. Modification of diatomite was done by impregnating the diatomite surface with 0.35 g of manganese oxide in one gram of diatomite. This modified diatomite was named Mn-Diatomite. The surface area measurements for Mn-diatomite showed a 2.2 fold increase, hence higher removal capa...

The open state of voltage-gated potassium (Kv) channels is associated with an increased stability relative to the pre-open closed states and is reflected by a slowing of OFF gating currents after channel opening. The basis for this stabilization is usually assigned to intrinsic structural features of the open pore. We have studied the gating currents of Kv1.2 channels and found that the stabili...