One of the greatest challenges facing most urban centers in Nigeria today is how to cope with the increasing volume of solid wastes being generated daily by its populace. Municipal solid waste tend to be one of the most visible and serious environmental problems in Nigerian cities [1]. This is manifested by large refuse heaps which dot most carriageways, streets and surroundings disfiguring the...

in order to study the effects of vermicompost and biological fertilizers on vegetative yield and essential oil of basil (ocimum basilicum l.), an experiment was conducted based on a complete randomized block design with nine treatments and three replications at mashhad during growing season of 2009-2010. the treatments were: 1) vermicompost, 2) nitroxin (included: azotobacter sp. and azospirill...

Urban solid waste management is one of the most demanding issues of today’s urban areas, requiring large investments for efficient daily collection. Decision makers in the field face many complex decisions varying from solid waste collection to strategy development for the entire urban solid waste management process. Although several researchers have proposed algorithmic solutions and optimizat...

An experiment was carried out during two subsequent years, i.e., 2009-10 and 2010-11 to study the influence of Azotobacter, vermicompost on growth, flowering, yield and quality of strawberry cv. Chandler. There were nine treatments comprising two levels each of Azotobacter (6 and 7 kg/ha) and vermicompost (20 and 30 t/ ha) and their combinations along with one control, replicated thrice in rand...

Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions per person from urban waste management activities are greater in sub-Saharan African countries than in other developing countries, and increasing as the population becomes more urbanised (Couth and Trois, 2010). Waste from urban areas across Africa is essentially dumped on the ground with little or no control over the relative liquid and gaseous emissions. The Cle...

In the last years, the increasing urbanization has constrained to face the dramatic growth of the urban waste production and the consequent socio-economical and environmental impact. The relevance of finding an optimal waste management further increases when it involves hazardous materials, since they represent a vulnerable infrastructure sector for homeland defense. Although there is a general...

The additional costs of solid waste recycling programs can be burdensome in large urban areas. Most urban re­ cycling programs have utilized an approach developed for suburban areas with a separate collection and processing system for recyclables operating in parallel with the exist­ ing Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) collection, processing and transfer system. Many programs even have a third para...

The objectives of this study were the assessment of healthcare waste management and the characterization of healthcare waste material generated in the hospitals in Nablus city, Palestine, and furthermore, to estimate the prevalence of hepatitis B among the cleaning personnel working in these hospitals. The medical waste generation rate in kg per bed per day was between 0.59 and 0.93 kg bed(-1) ...

The paper summarises a literature review into waste management practices across Africa as part of a study to assess methods to reduce carbon emissions. Research shows that the average organic content for urban Municipal Solid Waste in Africa is around 56% and its degradation is a major contributor to greenhouse gas emissions. The paper concludes that the most practical and economic way to manag...