this experiment was carried out to investigate the effect of plant density on growth and seed yield of wheat (kodasht cultivar) under saline soils and rainfed condition inanbarolum region of golestan province in 2008-09. an experiment was conducted in three fields with different salinities (6.73, 9.34 and 11.63 ds m-1) based on randomized complete blocks design. treatments were four plant densi...

in order to evaluate plant density and cultivar effects on rate and process of grain filling, yield and yield components of three dry bean cultivars a factorial experiment (using r.c.b. design) was conducted in 1386 at agricultural and natural research center of east azarbaijan (tabriz). three cultivars (khomeyn, g-14088 and 11816) were planted at four densities (14, 20, 30 and 60 plants/m2) in...

We report measurements and analysis of a boreal forest fire, integrating the effects of greenhouse gases, aerosols, black carbon deposition on snow and sea ice, and postfire changes in surface albedo. The net effect of all agents was to increase radiative forcing during the first year (34 +/- 31 Watts per square meter of burned area), but to decrease radiative forcing when averaged over an 80-y...

Urban air pollution and smoke from fires have been modeled to reduce cloud formation by absorbing sunlight, thereby cooling the surface and heating the atmosphere. Satellite data over the Amazon region during the biomass burning season showed that scattered cumulus cloud cover was reduced from 38%in clean conditions to 0%for heavy smoke (optical depth of 1.3). This response to the smoke radiati...

, present study was performed in order to determine effects of different amounts of irrigation water, plant density and planting pattern on yield, yield components and water use efficiency (wue) of corn, variety single cross 700 (700ksc) using drip irrigation systems (tape) , in the research station of islamabadgharb in two consecutive years (2011-2012). the project was in the form of split blo...

The objective of this work was to test a closed soilless growing system for producing bare root transplants and runner tips of two strawberry clones, using two categories of substrates. The system used corrugated roofing panels of fiber‐cement, over which a substrate layer was used as a growing bed. The nutrient solution was pumped from a reservoir toward the upper end of the roofing panels and...

Now-a-days technology has developed to a large extend. At the same time the need for systems with automation and high security are preferred. So, by using one of the best technologies available i.e. GSM we are designing an automatic power meter reading system for commercial and domestic purposes. Traditional meter reading for electricity consumption and billing done by human operator from house...

The interaction between phytochrome photoequilibrium (phi) and photon flux in the photoregulation of anthocyanin production under prolonged irradiation was studied in seedlings of Brassica oleracea L. and Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. In cabbage, anthocyanin production increases with decreasing phi, reaching a maximum at the lowest value (phi = 0.13) used in this study; in tomato, the extent of...

background and objectives: evaluation of the grain yield and yield components and also morphological traits can help to identify strategies for selection of resistant cultivars and increased crop yield production under heat stress condition. to this end, in experiment to evaluate of grain yield and yield components on 42 rice lines tolerant to heat stress from international rice research instit...

Mesophyll cells from leaves of cowpea (Vigna unquiculata [L.] Walp.) plants grown under saline conditions were isolated and used for the determination of photosynthetic CO(2) fixation. Maximal CO(2) fixation rate was obtained when the osmotic potential of both cell isolation and CO(2) fixation assay media were close to leaf osmotic potential, yielding a zero turgor pressure. Hypotonic and hyper...