in this paper a survey to determine the spring and damper settings of itm285 tractor’s cabin which ensured optimal ride comfort of tractor operator was conducted. analysis has been done in terms of root mean square acceleration response (rmsar) in one-third-octave band and international standard organization (iso). optimization was performed using particle swarm optimization (pso) method on a 2...

The rollover accidents in the tractor semi-trailer are often fatal and many factors could cause the tractor semitrailer rollover. In this paper, a rollover prevention control method was proposed based on real-time calculation of rollover index. The vehicle Center of Gravity CG height from the ground is an important parameter in the rollover index and it is estimated through lateral acceleration...

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Measurement of the values of forces in tractor arms is of great importance due to draft of agricultural equipment. These values can be used for testing and evaluation of the agricultural machinery, selection of suitable tractor, etc. The tools which are used for measurement of the forces are called dynamometer. The main objective of the present study was to design and evaluate a load cell for i...

This paper mainly for the research of the tractor horsepower electric control system, Its control system were designed based on ARM and CAN bus technology, The main node controller uses chip LPC2294, LPC2294 has a high speed of operation, high reliability advantages. The design of the hardware circuitry and the communication protocols in system. Tests showed that the system has high reliability...

The aim of this paper and its prequel is to introduce and classify the irreducible holonomy algebras of the projective Tractor connection. This is achieved through the construction of a ‘projective cone’, a Ricci-flat manifold one dimension higher whose affine holonomy is equal to the Tractor holonomy of the underlying manifold. This paper uses the result to enable the construction of manifolds...

This paper aims to classify the holonomy of the conformal Tractor connection, and relate these holonomies to the geometry of the underlying manifold. The conformally Einstein case is dealt with through the construction of metric cones, whose Riemannian holonomy is the same as the Tractor holonomy of the underlying manifold. Direct calculations in the Ricci-flat case and an important decompositi...

The aim of this paper and its prequel is to introduce and classify the holonomy algebras of the projective Tractor connection. This is achieved through the construction of a ‘projective cone’, a Ricci-flat manifold one dimension higher whose affine holonomy is equal to the Tractor holonomy of the underlying manifold. This paper uses the result to enable the construction of manifolds with each p...

In this paper, a predictor is developed in order to estimate roll angle and lateral acceleration for tractor-semitrailers. Based on this prediction, an active control system is designed to prevent rollover for these vehicles. In order to develop this control structure, a high order recurrent neural network is used to model the unknown tractor semitrailer system; a learning law is obtained using...

Roll dynamics in heavy freight vehicles is characterized in driving conditions by the lateral load transfer coe  cient. The coe  cient tracking requires sophisticated measurement systems for assessing the wheels’ normal loading. In this paper a new recursive non-linear lateral load transfer estimator employing sensors that are already used on a vehicle in combination with additional units tha...