The production of acetone, butanol, and ethanol (ABE) by fermentation is a process that had been used by industries for decades. Two stage immobilized column reactor system integrated with liquid-liquid extraction was used with immobilized Clostridium acetobutylicum DSM 792, to enhance the ABE productivity and yield. The sugar mixture (glucose, mannose, galactose, arabinose, and xylose) represe...

Palm kernel cake (PKC), a by-product of palm oil industry, contains glucose and mannose as hexose sugars. This study was performed to determine the feasibility of using PKC as a lignocellulosic substrate for biobutanol production by Clostridium saccharoperbutylacetonicum N1-4 in an acetone-butanol-ethanol (ABE) fermentation process. Moreover, the effect of tryptone-yeast extract-acetate (TYA) m...

Scalable and secure sharing of personal health record in cloud computing is an emerging trend in Health field for exchange and the use of personal Health information. This sensitive data is shared and stored by the third party reference in cloud computing. Therefore the need of encrypting data stored at this sites is highly essential to reduce the storage space and for the cost reduction. Since...

In the existing attribute-based encryption (ABE) scheme, the authority (i.e., private key generator (PKG)) is able to calculate and issue any user’s private key, which makes it completely trusted, which severely influences the applications of the ABE scheme. To mitigate this problem, we propose the black box traceable ciphertext policy attribute-based encryption (T-CP-ABE) scheme in which if th...

Ciphertext Policy Attribute-Based Encryption (CP-ABE) has been a very active research area in recent years. Because of two properties traceability and large universe, CP-ABE is enriching the commercial applications. But to achieve this it requires more computation overhead. In this paper a novel approach for construction of efficient ciphertext policy ABE supporting flexible attributes is propo...

Estimating available bandwidth (EAB) is an important and challenging task for providing QoS support in wireless networks. Existing works on EAB did not consider cooperative communication which can improve available bandwidth of wireless networks. To fill this void, this paper studies the problem of estimating available bandwidth in cooperative multi-hop wireless networks, which is formulated as...

We prove that every implicative aBE algebra satisfies the transitivity property. This means is a Tarski algebra, and thus also commutative BCK algebra.