It is a commonly held perception amongst biomechanists, sports medicine practitioners, baseball coaches and players, that an individual baseball player's style of throwing or pitching influences their performance and susceptibility to injury. With the results of a series of focus groups with baseball managers and pitching coaches in mind, the available scientific literature was reviewed regardi...

Sport-specific upper extremity strain, mostly unilateral, during growth may lead to adaptations in soft tissue and bone. We investigated 51 male professional handball players between 18 and 39 years of age (average, 27 years), 39 right-handed and 12 left-handed. Thirty-eight players had no shoulder problems, and 13 had chronic shoulder pain. Humeral retrotorsion was determined by radiograph. Th...

For medical or sports applications, human motor control is frequently analyzed. In this study, we focus on dart throwing motion and investigate the human motor skill to achieve precision control and force generation. The joint coordination is related to stability and accuracy of movements for precision control. On the other hand, the joint correlation is related to transfer of forces and moveme...

In team-handball competition, the players utilize various throwing techniques that differ in the lower body movements (with and without run-up or jump). These different lower body movements influence changes in the upper body movements and thus also affect the performance. A comprehensive analysis of 3D-kinematics of team-handball throws that may explain these differences in performance is lack...

Among the numerous investigations made with the object of throwing light upon the mode of oxidation of organic acids in the animal organism few have been more suggestive than those concerned with the origin of the “acetone bodies” from the saturated fatty acids. It will be recalled that the acetonuria resulting fromstarvation, from a carbohydrate-free dietary, or from experimental or human diab...

Submitted January 10, 2015; revision received February 15, 2015; accepted February 24, 2015. “Little league shoulder” is caused by repeated overhead throwing in athletes between the ages of 11 and 14 years during peak proximal physis growth.1,2 The rotational torque during maximum external rotation when throwing overhead seems to be the primary cause of growth plate failure.1-3 (doi:10.7556/jao...

PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between ball-throwing velocity during a 3-step running throw and dynamic strength, power, and bar velocity during a concentric-only bench-press exercise in team-handball players. METHODS Fourteen elite senior male team-handball players volunteered to participate. Each volunteer had power and bar velocity measured during a conce...

Many investigators have demonstrated that in swing motions such as ball-throwing, the motion of the proximal joint (shoulder) produced assistive interaction torque for the distal joint (elbow). In line with these studies, the shoulder and elbow motions would be expected to produce the assistive interaction torque for the wrist joint as well. However, we recently showed that the interaction torq...

Objectives: To determine if a modified version of the cross body stretch that incorporates scapular stabilization immediately following a bout of pitching will increase passive shoulder range of motion more than the standard cross body stretch in male collegiate baseball players. Background: Overhead athletes, mainly baseball players, often exhibit pathologic gross internal rotation deficit (pG...

This study was designed to assess the effect of strength and power training on throwing velocity and muscle strength in handball players according to their playing positions. Twenty-two male handball players were assigned to either an experimental group (n=11) or a control group (n=11) (age: 22.1 ± 3.0 years). They were asked to complete (i) the ball throwing velocity test and (ii) the one-repe...