Abstract Gambier production in Indonesia comes from smallholder plantations. West Sumatra Province is the leading producer of gambier, with a supply around 80-90 per cent total national gambier production. Based on empirical data, when selling price exports increases or fluctuates, farmers does not increase as much at level exporter traders. This condition creates marketing inefficiency. The mo...

Richard A. Lerner (1938-2021) was both a chemist and an MD. He investigated the structure of peptides proteins, identified sleep-inducing lipid, is best known for his pioneering work on catalytic antibodies. credited with making Scripps Research Institute in La Jolla into world-class center chemistry, biochemistry, biology.

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