Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) represents a profound clinical and public health challenge, both in the United States and across the globe. Cardiovascular disease, which accounts for one-third of all US deaths, is the most common cause of OHCA. The overall occurrence of OHCA is highest in Australia (113:100,000), but its incidence from presumed cardiac cause is highest in North America (5...

Traditional UNIX-like operating systems use a very simple mechanism for determining which processes get access to which files, which is mainly based on the file mode permission bits. Beyond that, modern UNIX-like operating systems also implement access control models based on Access Control Lists (ACLs), the most common being POSIX ACLs. The ACL model implemented by the various versions of Wind...

Background The current resuscitation guidelines state that basic life support (BLS) should be conducted in two minute cycles. This regime dictates the frequencies of medicine administration and defibrillation during advanced life support in cardiac arrests. Earlier work has shown that participants in a cardiac arrest teams lose their time perception and both overand underestimate elapsed time. ...