Bilingual Education is teaching an academic subject in two languages, i.e. a mother language (first L1) and second (L2), with various amounts instructed program models. The early viewpoint about the brain tends to assert that learning L2 negatively affects L1 by dismissing it outside brain, emphasizes idea of bilingualism creates problem process. late researches on disapprove conclusions come m...

Evolutionary computation is becoming common in the solution of difficult, realworld problems in industry, medicine, and defense. This paper reviews some of the practical advantages to using evolutionary algorithms as compared with classic methods of optimization or artificial intelligence. Specific advantages include the flexibility of the procedures, as well as the ability to self-adapt the se...

In automated negotiation systems consisting of self-interested agents, contracts have traditionally been binding. Such contracts do not allow agents to eeciently accommodate future events. Game theory has proposed contingency contracts to solve this problem. Among computational agents, contingency contracts are often impractical due to large numbers of interdependent and unanticipated future ev...

The traditional paradigm for learning and training of operators in complex systems is discussed and criticised to react on the strong influence (the doctrine of 'mental logic') coming from research carried out in artificial intelligence (AI). The most well known arguments against the AI-approach are presented and discussed in relation to expertise, intuition and implicit knowledge. The importan...

In a plenary session at ASCO 2015, Brown et al. presented the results of Alliance NCCTG N0574, a phase 3 trial comparing whole-brain radiation therapy (WBRT) plus radiosurgery (SRS) to SRS alone in patients with 1 to 3 brain metastases, each <3 cm, by contrast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The primary endpoint was cognitive progression (CP), defined as decline >1 standard deviation (SD) fro...