BACKGROUND Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is characterized by the structural miniaturization of androgen-sensitive hair follicles in susceptible individuals and is anatomically defined within a given pattern of the scalp. Biochemically, one contributing factor of this disorder is the conversion of testosterone (T) to dihydrotestosterone (DHT) via the enzyme 5-alpha reductase (5AR). This metabolism...

PURPOSE The outcomes of small for gestational age (SGA) infants especially in extremely low birth weight infants (ELBWIs) are controversial. This study evaluated the mortality and morbidity of ELBWIs, focusing on whether or not they were also SGA. METHODS The medical records of 415 ELBWIs (birth weight <1,000 g), who were inborn and admitted to the Samsung Medical Center neonatal intensive ca...

IMPORTANCE Identifying predictors of mortality from diabetes mellitus (DM) and heart disease can help shape treatment strategies. Presence of androgenetic alopecia (AGA) might be such a predictor. OBJECTIVE To determine whether the presence of AGA is associated with an elevated rate of mortality from DM and heart disease in both sexes after adjustment for potential confounders. DESIGN A pop...

Inflammation may play a role in schizophrenia; however, subgroups with immune regulation dysfunction may serve as distinct illness phenotypes with potential different treatment and prevention strategies. Emerging data show that about 30% of people with schizophrenia have elevated antigliadin antibodies of the IgG type, representing a possible subgroup of schizophrenia patients with immune invol...

The symptom of constipation is very common.1,2 The aisles of any drugstore confirm the impact of this problem. The goal of this technical review is to identify a rational, efficacious, and ideally cost-effective approach to the patient presenting with constipation. The perspective will be that of the practicing gastroenterologist. Constipation in children will not be specifically addressed, nor...

This literature review and the recommendations therein were prepared for the AGA Institute Clinical Practice and Economics Committee. The paper was approved by the Committee on March 12, 2007, and by the AGA Institute Governing Board on May 19, 2007.

This document presents the official recommendations of the American Gastroenterological Association (AGA) on Parenteral Nutrition. It was approved by the Clinical Practice and Practice Committee on April 13, 2001 and by the AGA Governing Board on May 18, 2001.

CONTEXT Patients with autoimmune rheumatologic conditions and celiac disease tend to have a variety of autoantibodies, many of which have no clear pathogenic role. The literature contains frequent reports of celiac disease being more prevalent in patients with rheumatologic diseases, although this remains controversial. OBJECTIVES To investigate the prevalence of positive serum tests for celi...

he American Gastroenterological Association (AGA) Institute Medical Position Panel consisted of the authors of the technical eview, a community-based gastroenterologist (Stephen W. Hiltz, MD, MBA, AGAF), an insurance provider representative (Edgar lack, MD, Medical Director, Policy Resources Technology Evaluation Center, BlueCross BlueShield Association), a general urgeon (Irvin M. Modlin, MD),...