Measurements of the phases of free jet waves relative to an acoustic excitation, and of the pattern and time phase of the sound pressure produced by the same jet impinging on an edge, provide a consistent model for Stage I frequencies of edge tones and of an organ pipe with identical geometry. Both systems are explained entirely in terms of volume displacement of air by the jet. During edge-ton...

Tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy (TDLAS) has been applied to measure the absolute production rate of NO molecules in the gas phase of an atmospheric pressure plasma jet (APPJ) operating at rf (13.56 MHz) in argon with small (up to 1%) admixtures of air. The resulting NO production rates were found to be in the range (0.1–80)× 10−3 sccm or (0.05–35)× 1018 molecules s−1 depending on th...

In order to avoid the inherent aerodynamic difficulties of the conventional fume hood, an innovative design--the 'air curtain-isolated fume hood' is developed. The new hood applies a specially designed air curtain (which is generated by a narrow planar jet and a suction slot flow at low velocities) across the sash plane. The hood constructed for the study is full size and transparent for flow v...

An experimental study was performed to understand the atomization process in the specialized printing method which consists of the high frequency oscillating motion of a needle and a micro air jet. Highly viscous liquids, such as glycerin and acrylic paint were successfully printed with this printing method within the line width of 1 mm. High-speed imaging technique was used to observe the evol...

Learning to play the transverse flute is not an easy task, at least not for everyone. Since the flute does not have a reed to resonate, the player must provide a steady, focused stream of air that will cause the flute to resonate and thereby produce sound. In order to achieve this, the player has to be aware of the embouchure position to generate an adequate air jet. For a beginner, this can be...

Helped by the careful analysis of their experimental data, Worthington & Cole (1897, 1900) described roughly the mechanism underlying the formation of high-speed jets ejected after the impact of an axisymmetric solid on a liquid-air interface. They made the fundamental observation that the intensity of these sharp jets was intimately related to the formation of an axisymmetric air cavity in the...

In mixing ventilation systems, diffusers are often located on side walls and supply quasi-free air jets above the occupied zone. The data presented in this paper shows a new CFD 3D benchmark with two well-defined characteristic zones in the room, i.e., the quasi-free jet zone and the occupied zone. Measurement methods adequate for air velocity and speed measurement were applied: laser Doppler a...