BACKGROUND Dysfunction in cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) can be elicited by cigarette smoke and is observed in patients with chronic bronchitis. We have previously demonstrated in human airway epithelial cell monolayers that roflumilast, a clinically approved phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitor that reduces the risk of exacerbations in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease...

BACKGROUND Despite many studies addressing potential impact of helicopter transport on trauma mortality, debate as to the efficacy of air transport continues. METHODS This retrospective study combined trauma registry data from five urban Level I adult and pediatric centers. Logistic regression assessed effect of helicopter transport on mortality while adjusting for age, sex, transport year, r...

Optimization of timetable is the need of the day for the rescheduling and routing of trains in real time. Trains are scheduled in parallel with the road transport vehicles to the same destination. As the number of trains is restricted due to single track, customers usually opt for road transport to use frequently. The air pollution increases as the density of vehicles on road transport is incre...

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Canister desorption is a widely used technique to measure the gas content of coal. The gas content data, when normalized to volume/weight and multiplied by coal seam mass, is used to estimate the gas in place in an area around the cored hole. However, the gas content and the percentage of each constituent are likely to be influenced by trapped air in the canister at the time of the coal enclosu...

The troubled introduction of an American air computerized reservation system at French Railways reflects the difficulty of transforming European public rail transport into a market-oriented industry. Computerized reservation systems played an important role in supporting increased competition, providing a global strategic advantage and modifying market structures in the US air industry. However...

[1] Atmospheric mixing ratios of CO2 are strongly seasonal in the Arctic due to mid‐latitude transport. Here we analyze the seasonal influence of moist synoptic storms by diagnosing CO2 transport from a global model on moist isentropes (to represent parcel trajectories through stormtracks) and parsing transport into eddy and mean components. During winter when northern plants respire, warm mois...

The purpose of this core content is to provide physicians with a comprehensive education in all of the components of air medical transports, including fixedand rotarywing transport. It is designed specifically to provide a physician with the knowledge and skills necessary to function effectively during air medical transport of critically ill and injured persons. The intent of this document is t...

In the operator splitting solution of atmospheric transport-chemistry problems modeling air pollution, a major task is the numerical integration of the stii ODE systems describing the chemical transformations. In this note a numerical comparison is presented between two special purpose solvers developed for this task. Note: This report is one of a series on the development of algorithms for lon...