OBJECTIVES To describe the imaging features of the central airway pathology, correlating the findings with those in pathology and virtual endoscopy. To propose a schematic and practical approach to reach diagnoses, placing strong emphasis on multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) findings. METHODS We reviewed our thoracic pathology database and the central airway pathology-related literatur...

Airway complications affect 20% of all lung transplant recipients. Self-expandable metallic stents (SEMS) are one treatment option but their use in benign airway disorders is controversial. We studies the long-term safety of SEMS in lung transplant recipients. Between January 1998 and February 2008, all lung transplant recipients with SEMS were analysed retrospectively at a single centre. Compl...

We report a young lady, who was labeled as a case of refractory asthma for a few years, based on history of shortness of breath on minimal exertion, noisy breathing and normal chest radiograph. Repeated upper airway exam by an otolaryngologist and computerized tomography scan, were normal. On presentation to our hospital, she was diagnosed to have fixed upper airway obstruction, based on classi...

We report on a case of a fractured Ultraflex stent after placement for malignant tracheal stenosis. The patient was a 49-year-old female with adenoid cystic carcinoma of the trachea causing airway stenosis. She was treated by non-covered Ultraflex stent followed by chemoradiotherapy. Twenty months after stent placement, more than half of the distal end of the stent was fractured and caused airw...

BACKGROUND The purpose of this study is to investigate the clinical effectiveness of staging radioactive particle implantation guided by computed tomography (CT) and fiber-optic bronchoscopy in treating cancerous large airway stenosis. METHODS A total of 102 patients were included; 57 had undergone staging radioactive particle implantation guided by CT and fiber bronchoscopy and 45 did not. P...

OBJECTIVE Although the placement of esophageal self-expandable stents (SES) can effectively relieve dysphagia after radiotherapy in patients with esophageal cancer (EC), it may induce severe esophageal complications. This article reports a case of emergency endotracheal intubation in an EC patient who suddenly developed severe dyspnea two months after SES placement. METHODS Electronic broncho...

Bilateral vocal fold immobility may result from bilateral recurrent laryngeal nerve paralysis or physiologic insults to the airway such as glottic scars. The progression of mucosal injury to granulation tissue, and then posterior glottis stenosis, is an accepted theory but has not been photodocumented. This paper presents serial images from common postintubation injury to less common posterior ...

Laryngomalacia is the most common cause of neonatal stridor, accounting for up to 60% of cases [1]. Less common causes of neonatal stridor include subglottic or tracheal stenosis, or congenital masses of the upper airway. Neonates with an identified congenital etiology of symptomatic upper airway obstruction often have synchronous airway lesions leading to multilevel airway obstruction. These i...

Airway stenosis is a global respiratory health problem that caused by airway injury, endotracheal intubation, malignant tumor, lung aging, or autoimmune diseases. A precise understanding of the airflow dynamics and pharmaceutical aerosol transport through multi-stenosis airways vital for targeted drug delivery, missing from literature. The object this study primarily relates to behaviors nanopa...