Poly(L-lactide) (PLLA) oligo-esters with α-hydroxyl-ω-alkyl (alkyl = −CH2−[CH2−CH2]n−CH3, where n = 1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10) end groups were synthesized by ring-opening polymerization of L-lactide (L-LA) catalyzed by tin(II) 2ethylhexanoate Sn(Oct)2 in the presence of aliphatic alcohols as initiators (HO−CH2−[CH2−CH2]m−CH3, where m = 1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10). High yields (∼ 62 to ...

The seasonal development of adaxial Prunus laurocerasus leaf surfaces was studied using newly developed methods for the mechanical removal of epicuticular waxes. During epidermal cell expansion, more than 50 microg leaf(-1) of alkyl acetates accumulated within 10 d, forming an epicuticular wax film approximately 30 nm thick. Then, alcohols dominated for 18 d of leaf development, before alkanes ...

0-Alkyldihydroxyacetone-P and 0-alkyldihydroxyacetone were identified as intermediates in the biosynthesis of Oalkyl-linked lipids. The substrates for the initial reaction are dihydroxyacetone-P and fatty alcohols, and the cofactor requirements are coenzyme A, ATP, and Mg++. The enzyme complex that carries out this reaction was found in microsomes of preputial gland tumors. The keto-intermediat...

The relative configurations of alphaand beta-prodine have been discussed in a number of papers. Recently, ZIERISG, MOTCHANE and LEE^ have published an interpretation of the infra-red absorption spectra of the derived alcohols which they consider supports their original assignments, viz., cis methyl/ phenyl for alphaand trans methyl/phenyl for beta-prodine. BECKETT, CASY and WALKER,^,^ on the ot...

Background Volatile carboxylic acids, alcohols, and esters are natural fermentative products, typically derived from anaerobic digestion. These metabolites have important functional roles to regulate cellular metabolisms and broad use as food supplements, flavors and fragrances, solvents, and fuels. Comprehensive characterization of toxic effects of these metabolites on microbial growth under s...

Aluminum-containing mesoporous silica with hierarchical macroporous architecture (Al-MMS) was successfully prepared using a solvent evaporation method through the combination of precursor solution for synthesis of Al-containing mesoporous silica (Al-MS) and poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) colloidal crystals as a hard template. The porous structure and the state of aluminum were investigated us...

Hydrogen iodide, generated (and regenerated) in situ by the action of iodine upon hypophosphorous acid, was found to reduce a variety of aryl carbinols to the corresponding diphenylmethanes under mild conditions. The generality of the reaction was explored by extension to several diols, heterocyclic alcohols, and allylic alcohols. Several lines of evidence, including occasional isolation of alk...

A random mutagenesis of the arabinofuranosyl hydrolase Araf51 has been run in order to have access to efficient biocatalysts for the synthesis of alkyl arabinofuranosides. The mutants were selected on their ability to catalyze the transglycosylation reaction of p-nitrophenyl α-L-arabinofuranoside (pNP-Araf) used as a donor and various aliphatic alcohols as acceptors. This screening strategy und...

Nucleophilic addition to alkynes represents an attractive approach to the synthesis of olefins. Obstacles to this strategy include the low reactivity of alkynes toward many organometallic reagents and difficulties associated with controlling the regioselectivity of addition. Here we demonstrate that Fe(III) salts are effective precatalysts for the carbometalation of alkynes. Primary and seconda...

Sir: We recently reported 1 that cobaloximes and cobalamins reacted with vinyl ethers, in the presence of alcohols, to give aceta Is containing cobalt-carbon cr-bonds. On the basis of these, and earlier 2 experiments, we suggested that the reactions proceeded via the intermediary of a Co(lII)-olefin 7r-complex. Schrauzer, et al.,3 then reported that they were unable to confirm our results and c...