Ultrafast all-optical logic gates that accept optical inputs in which wavelength designates bit position within the overall byte are proposed and demonstrated. Four-wave mixing is shown to provide a conditional test function that can be used to construct any multi-input logic gate. Polarization provides the logic state for each bit. Implementations that use semiconductor optical amplifiers as t...

All-optical flip-flops are key components for photonic digital processing in next generation optical networks and optical computing. In most digital applications signals synchronization with an external reference clock is a basic feature. In this paper an entire set of all-optical clocked flip-flops, including SR, D, T, and JK types is proposed and demonstrated. Each configuration employs a sin...

The main objective of this paper is to report on unsafe actions of motor vehicle drivers at railroadhighway grade crossings and drivers’ response to installation of a centerline barrier that prevented them from driving around the gates. A comparison of unsafe driver actions in the preand post-barrier periods provided an idea about the effectiveness of the barrier in reducing unsafe driver actio...

The science of using optics and related technologies together to provide effective, efficient, and fast computing is called optical computing. The hybrid combination of traditional computing design with some special components that can deliver operation in optical mode is defined as optical computing. Optical computers are capable to transform the image by data encoding. This paper includes the...